Simane Belay, Beyene Hunachew, Deressa Wakgari, Kumie Abera, Berhane Kiros, Samet Jonathan
College of Development Studies, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia.
School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia.
Ethiop J Health Dev. 2016;30(1 Spec Iss):28-41.
This review assessed Ethiopia's existing situation on issues related to the environment, climate change and health, and identifies gaps and needs that can be addressed through research, training, and capacity building.
The research was conducted through a comprehensive review of available secondary data and interviewing key informants in various national organizations involved in climate change adaptation and mitigation activities.
Climate change-related health problems, such as mortality and morbidity due to floods and heat waves, vector-borne diseases, water-borne diseases, meningitis, and air pollution-related respiratory diseases are increasing in Ethiopia. Sensitive systems such as agriculture, health, and water have been affected, and the effects of climate change will continue to magnify without the right adaptation and mitigation measures. Currently, research on climate change and health is not adequately developed in Ethiopia. Research and other activities appear to be fragmented and uncoordinated. As a result, very few spatially detailed and methodologically consistent studies have been made to assess the impact of climate in the country. There has often been a lack of sufficient collaboration among organizations on the planning and execution of climate change and health activities, and the lack of trained professionals who can perform climate change and health-related research activities at various levels.
Firstly, there is a lack of organized structure in the various organizations. Secondly, there is inadequate level of inter-sectoral collaboration and poor coordination and communication among different stakeholders. Thirdly, there are no reliable policy guidelines and programs among organizations, agencies and offices that target climate change and health. Fourth, the existing policies fail to consider the gender and community-related dimensions of climate change. Fifth, the monitoring and evaluation efforts exerted on climate change and health activities are not strong enough to address the climate change and health issues in the country.
本综述评估了埃塞俄比亚在环境、气候变化与健康相关问题上的现状，并确定了可通过研究、培训和能力建设加以解决的差距与需求。
该研究通过全面审查现有二手数据以及访谈参与气候变化适应和减缓活动的各个国家组织中的关键信息提供者来开展。
在埃塞俄比亚，与气候变化相关的健康问题日益增多，如洪水和热浪导致的死亡率和发病率、媒介传播疾病、水传播疾病、脑膜炎以及与空气污染相关的呼吸道疾病。农业、健康和水等敏感系统受到了影响，若没有恰当的适应和减缓措施，气候变化的影响将持续加剧。目前，埃塞俄比亚关于气候变化与健康的研究发展不足。研究及其他活动似乎零散且缺乏协调。因此，在评估该国气候影响方面，仅有极少数在空间上详细且方法上一致的研究。在气候变化与健康活动的规划和执行方面，各组织之间常常缺乏充分协作，并且缺乏能够在各级开展与气候变化和健康相关研究活动的专业人才。
首先，各组织缺乏组织结构。其次，部门间协作水平不足，不同利益相关者之间的协调与沟通较差。第三，各组织、机构和办事处之间缺乏针对气候变化与健康的可靠政策指南和项目。第四，现有政策未考虑气候变化的性别和社区相关层面。第五，针对气候变化与健康活动的监测和评估力度不足以解决该国的气候变化与健康问题。
