Nayebare Shedrack R, Aburizaiza Omar S, Siddique Azhar, Carpenter David O, Zeb Jahan, Aburizaiza Abdullah J, Pantea Cristian, Hussain Mirza M, Khwaja Haider A
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Albany, New York, USA. E-mail.
Saudi Med J. 2017 Sep;38(9):905-912. doi: 10.15537/smj.2017.9.18545.
To assess cardiopulmonary morbidity associated with daily exposures to PM2.5 in Western Coast of Saudi Arabia. Methods: We monitored 24-h PM2.5 and its constituents including black carbon (BC), particulate sulfate (p-SO42-), nitrate (p-NO3-), ammonium (p-NH4+) and trace elements (TEs) at a site in Rabigh, Saudi Arabia from May to June 2013 with simultaneous collection of hospital data (N=2513). Cardiopulmonary morbidity risk was determined in a generalized linear time-series model. Results: Exposure to PM2.5 was associated with a 7.6% (p=0.056) increase in risk of respiratory disease (RD) in females. Black carbon increased RD morbidity risk by 68.1% (p=0.056) in females. Exposure to p-SO42- increased the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk by up to 5.3% (p=0.048) in males; and RD by 2.9% (p=0.037) in females and 2.5% (p=0.022) in males. The p-NH4+ increased CVD risk by up to 20.3% (p=0.033) in males; and RD by 10.7% (p=0.014) in females and 8% (p=0.031) in males. No statistically significant association was observed for p-NO3- and TEs exposure. Conclusion: Overall, results show an increased risk for cardiopulmonary morbidity following exposure to air pollution.
评估沙特阿拉伯西海岸每日接触细颗粒物（PM2.5）所导致的心肺疾病发病率。方法：2013年5月至6月，我们在沙特阿拉伯拉比格的一个地点监测了24小时的PM2.5及其成分，包括黑碳（BC）、颗粒硫酸盐（p-SO42-）、硝酸盐（p-NO3-）、铵（p-NH4+）和微量元素（TEs），同时收集了医院数据（N = 2513）。在广义线性时间序列模型中确定心肺疾病发病风险。结果：女性接触PM2.5与呼吸系统疾病（RD）风险增加7.6%（p = 0.056）相关。黑碳使女性RD发病风险增加68.1%（p = 0.056）。男性接触p-SO42-使心血管疾病（CVD）风险增加高达5.3%（p = 0.048）；女性接触p-SO42-使RD风险增加2.9%（p = 0.037），男性增加2.5%（p = 0.022）。p-NH4+使男性CVD风险增加高达20.3%（p = 0.033）；女性接触p-NH4+使RD风险增加10.7%（p = 0.014），男性增加8%（p = 0.031）。未观察到接触p-NO3-和TEs有统计学显著关联。结论：总体而言，结果表明接触空气污染后心肺疾病发病风险增加。
