Kang Min Gyu, Kim Mi Yeong, Song Woo Jung, Kim Sujeong, Jo Eun Jung, Lee Seung Eun, Kwon Jae Woo, Lee Sang Min, Park Chan Sun, Park Hye Kyung, Park Heung Woo, Chang Yoon Seok, Lee Jaechun, Lee Young Min, Jee Young Koo, Lee Jong Myung, Choi Inseon S, Cho Sang Heon
Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea.
Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea.
Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2017 Nov;9(6):499-508. doi: 10.4168/aair.2017.9.6.499.
Inhalant allergen sensitization is one of the major factors involved in the pathogenesis of allergic respiratory diseases. However, the sensitization is determined by interactions between genetic and environmental factors. Thus, testing panels of inhalant allergens may differ among geographical areas. Here we aimed to determine 10 common inhalant allergens in Korean adult patients with suspected respiratory allergies and to examine the variation between different geographical locations.
A total of 28,954 patient records were retrieved for retrospective analysis, from 12 referral allergy clinics located in 9 different areas. Inclusion criteria were Korean adults (≥18 years old) who underwent the inhalant allergen skin prick test for suspected history of respiratory allergy. The primary outcome was inhalant allergen skin prick response. Demographic and clinical information were also collected. Positive skin prick responses to allergens were defined as allergen-to-histamine wheal ratio ≥1. Based on skin test results, the most prevalent aeroallergens were determined.
The overall prevalence of allergic sensitization was 45.3%. Dermatophagoides farinae and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus were the most commonly sensitized allergens. Other common inhalant allergens were cat epithelium (8.1%), birch (7.7%), mugwort (6.9%), alder (6.7%), hazel (6.7%), beech (6.7%), oak (6.6%), and Tyrophagus putres (6.2%), in decreasing order frequency. These 10 inhalant allergens explained 90% of inhalant allergen sensitization in the study participants. However, distinct patterns of the 10 inhalant sensitization were observed in patients living in Chungnam and Jeju. American cockroach, Gernam cockroach, and Trichophyton metagrophytes were unique in Chungnam. Orchard, Japanese cedar, and Velvet were unique in Jeju.
The present analysis suggests a panel of 10 most common inhalant allergens in Korean adult patients with suspected respiratory allergies, which explained 90% of inhalant allergen sensitization. This panel can be utilized as a practical and convenient tool for primary practice and epidemiological surveys of respiratory allergic diseases.
吸入性过敏原致敏是过敏性呼吸道疾病发病机制中的主要因素之一。然而，致敏是由遗传和环境因素之间的相互作用决定的。因此，不同地理区域的吸入性过敏原检测面板可能会有所不同。在此，我们旨在确定韩国疑似呼吸道过敏成年患者中10种常见的吸入性过敏原，并研究不同地理位置之间的差异。
从位于9个不同地区的12家转诊过敏诊所检索了总共28954份患者记录进行回顾性分析。纳入标准为因疑似呼吸道过敏病史而接受吸入性过敏原皮肤点刺试验的韩国成年人（≥18岁）。主要结局是吸入性过敏原皮肤点刺反应。还收集了人口统计学和临床信息。对过敏原的阳性皮肤点刺反应定义为过敏原与组胺风团比率≥1。根据皮肤试验结果，确定最常见的气传过敏原。
过敏性致敏的总体患病率为45.3%。粉尘螨和屋尘螨是最常见的致敏过敏原。其他常见的吸入性过敏原依次为猫上皮（8.1%）、桦树（7.7%）、艾蒿（6.9%）、桤木（6.7%）、榛树（6.7%）、山毛榉（6.7%）、橡树（6.6%）和腐食酪螨（6.2%）。这10种吸入性过敏原解释了研究参与者中90%的吸入性过敏原致敏情况。然而，在忠南和济州岛的患者中观察到了这10种吸入性致敏的不同模式。美洲蟑螂、德国蟑螂和须癣毛癣菌在忠南地区较为独特。果园草、日本柳杉和天鹅绒草在济州岛较为独特。
本分析表明，在韩国疑似呼吸道过敏的成年患者中，有一组10种最常见的吸入性过敏原，它们解释了90%的吸入性过敏原致敏情况。该面板可作为呼吸道过敏性疾病基层医疗实践和流行病学调查的实用便捷工具。
