Extracts from L. and L. (Annonaceae) Potently and Selectively Inhibit .

The aim of this work was to screen extracts from and against . Crude ethanolic extracts, methylene chloride fractions, aqueous fractions, subfractions and isolated compounds (stigmasterol-3--β-d-glucopyranoside, lichexanthone, gallic acid and β-sitosterol-3--β-d-glucopyranoside) were tested for cytotoxicity on erythrocytes and Human Foreskin Fibroblasts cells and against the W2 strain of in culture. Results indicated that none of the extracts was cytotoxic at concentrations up to 10 µg/mL. Most of the extracts, fractions and subfractions inhibited the growth of with IC values ranging from 0.07 to 3.46 µg/mL. The most potent was the subfraction 30 from stem bark (IC = 0.07 µg/mL) with a selectivity index of ˃ 142. Subfraction 3 from root also exhibited very good activity (IC = 0.09 µg/mL) with a high selectivity index (SI ˃ 111). Amongst the isolated compounds, only gallic acid showed activity with IC of 3.32 µg/mL and SI > 10. These results support traditional claims for and in the treatment of malaria. Given their limited cytotoxicity profile, their extracts qualify as promising starting points for antimalarial drug discovery.