Otero-Esquina Carlos, de Hoyo Lora Moisés, Gonzalo-Skok Óliver, Domínguez-Cobo Sergio, Sánchez Hugo
a Fitness Section , Sevilla Football Club , Seville , Spain.
b Department of Physical Education and Sport , University of Seville , Seville , Spain.
Eur J Sport Sci. 2017 Nov;17(10):1241-1251. doi: 10.1080/17461391.2017.1378372. Epub 2017 Sep 24.
The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of a combined strength-training programme (full-back squat, YoYo leg curl, plyometrics and sled towing exercises) on performance in elite young soccer players and to examine the effects when this training programme was performed one or two days per week. Thirty-six male soccer players (U-17 to U-19) were recruited and assigned to experimental groups (EXP1: 1 s w; EXP2: 2 s w) or a control group (CON). Performance was assessed through a countermovement jump (CMJ) test (relative peak power [CMJ] and CMJ height [CMJ]), a 20-m linear sprint test with split-times at 10-m, and a change of direction test (V-cut test) 1 week before starting the training programme and also 1 week after performing such training programme. Within-group analysis showed substantial improvements in CMJ variables (ES: 0.39-0.81) and COD (ES: 0.70 and 0.76) in EXP1 and EXP2, while EXP2 also showed substantial enhancements in all linear sprinting tests (ES: 0.43-0.52). Between-group analysis showed substantially greater improvements in CMJ variables (ES: 0.39-0.68) in experimental groups in comparison to CON. Furthermore, EXP2 achieved a substantial better performance in 20-m (ES: 0.48-0.64) than EXP1 and CON. Finally, EXP2 also showed greater enhancements in 10-m (ES: 0.50) and V-cut test (ES: 0.52) than EXP1. In conclusion, the combined strength-training programme improved jumping ability, independently of training frequency, though the achievement of two sessions per week also enhanced sprinting abilities (linear and COD) in young soccer players.
本研究的目的是分析一项综合力量训练计划（全蹲、腿部卷腹、增强式训练和雪橇牵引练习）对精英年轻足球运动员运动表现的影响，并研究该训练计划每周进行一天或两天时的效果。招募了36名男性足球运动员（17至19岁），并将他们分配到实验组（EXP1：每周1次；EXP2：每周2次）或对照组（CON）。在开始训练计划前1周以及进行该训练计划1周后，通过反向纵跳（CMJ）测试（相对峰值功率[CMJ]和CMJ高度[CMJ]）、20米直线冲刺测试（含10米处的分段时间）和变向测试（V字切割测试）来评估运动表现。组内分析显示，EXP1和EXP2组的CMJ变量（效应量：0.39 - 0.81）和变向能力（效应量：0.70和0.76）有显著改善，而EXP2组在所有直线冲刺测试中也有显著提高（效应量：0.43 - 0.52）。组间分析显示，与对照组相比，实验组的CMJ变量有显著更大的改善（效应量：0.39 - 0.68）。此外，EXP2组在20米测试中的表现（效应量：0.48 - 0.64）明显优于EXP1组和对照组。最后，EXP2组在10米测试（效应量：0.50）和V字切割测试（效应量：0.52）中的提高也比EXP1组更大。总之，综合力量训练计划提高了跳跃能力，与训练频率无关，不过每周进行两次训练也增强了年轻足球运动员的冲刺能力（直线和变向）。
