Gola Marco, Signorelli Carlo, Buffoli Maddalena, Rebecchi Andrea, Capolongo Stefano
Dipartimento di Architettura, Ingegneria delle Costruzioni e Ambiente Costruito (ABC), Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy.
Unità di Sanità Pubblica, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Biotecnologiche e Traslazionali (S.Bi.Bi.T.),Università degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy - Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
Ann Ist Super Sanita. 2017 Jul-Sep;53(3):223-230. doi: 10.4415/ANN_17_03_08.
WHO has highlighted the need to strengthen the relationship between health and built environment factors, such as inappropriate housing conditions. Local Health Rules (LHRs) and Building Regulations (BRs) are tools which provide safety and building hygiene in construction practices. Currently the Italian Government is considering to establish a National Building Regulation and, related to the following purpose, this paper presents a survey on the status of adoption and updating of LHRs and BRs in Italian municipalities.
The current Italian state of LHRs, BRs and Municipal Development Plans (MDPs) have been examined by a survey considering a sample of about 550 cities, with different demo graphic and geographic features, starting from the previous research work by Signorelli et al. (1999).
The analysis underlines a serious shortage of updated LHRs, especially in small and medium-sized municipalities whereas BRs and MDPs are widespread. Only 30% of them are previously approved and validated by Local Health Authorities.
Starting from a survey, the present scenario of Building Regulations requires the introduction of further performance guidelines instead of normative ones and, therefore, the current actions to give rise to a National Building Regulation could be integrated by building hygiene contents of LHRs.
世界卫生组织强调了加强健康与建筑环境因素之间关系的必要性，比如住房条件不当等因素。地方卫生规则（LHRs）和建筑规范（BRs）是在建筑实践中提供安全和建筑卫生的工具。目前，意大利政府正在考虑制定一项国家建筑规范，出于以下目的，本文对意大利各城市采用和更新地方卫生规则及建筑规范的情况进行了一项调查。
从西诺雷利等人（1999年）之前的研究工作出发，通过对约550个具有不同人口和地理特征的城市样本进行调查，研究了意大利目前地方卫生规则、建筑规范和城市发展规划的情况。
分析强调了更新后的地方卫生规则严重短缺，尤其是在中小型城市，而建筑规范和城市发展规划则较为普遍。其中只有30% 此前得到了地方卫生当局的批准和认可。
从一项调查出发，目前的建筑规范情况需要引入更多性能指南而非规范性指南，因此，当前制定国家建筑规范的行动可以纳入地方卫生规则中的建筑卫生内容。
