“本质上，所有模型都是错的，但有些是有用的”：电子烟与酒精共同使用的初步概念模型
"Essentially, All Models are Wrong, but Some Are Useful": A Preliminary Conceptual Model Of Co-Occurring E-Cig and Alcohol Use.
作者信息
Hershberger Alexandra, Cyders Melissa A
机构信息
Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis.
出版信息
Curr Addict Rep. 2017 Jun;4(2):200-208. doi: 10.1007/s40429-017-0148-9. Epub 2017 Apr 28.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
As prevalence rates of electronic cigarette (e-cig) use increase, researchers and clinicians should not only be paying careful attention to the direct health effects of e-cigs, but also the potential impact e-cigs may have on alcohol use behaviors. We review the current state of the literature and propose a conceptual model for the relationship between e-cig and alcohol use, including important consequences, mechanisms, and moderators of this relationship.
RECENT FINDINGS
The model is based in emerging literature examining the direct relationship between e-cig and alcohol use, as well as indirect evidence concerning potential mechanisms from research on cigarette and alcohol use. Overall, research indicates a robust relationship between e-cig and alcohol use.
SUMMARY
We suggest that a relationship between e-cig use and alcohol use could be particularly problematic, especially for adolescents and for those with or at risk for alcohol use disorders. We hope the presented conceptual model can stimulate research in this area. We make research recommendations, including the need for more methodological rigor, including improved measurement of e-cig use, and expanding research to longitudinal and experimental designs.
综述目的
随着电子烟使用患病率的上升，研究人员和临床医生不仅应密切关注电子烟对健康的直接影响，还应关注电子烟可能对饮酒行为产生的潜在影响。我们回顾了当前的文献状况，并提出了一个关于电子烟与饮酒之间关系的概念模型，包括这种关系的重要后果、机制和调节因素。
最新发现
该模型基于新兴文献，这些文献研究了电子烟与饮酒之间的直接关系，以及来自香烟和饮酒研究的关于潜在机制的间接证据。总体而言，研究表明电子烟与饮酒之间存在密切关系。
总结
我们认为，电子烟使用与饮酒之间的关系可能特别成问题，尤其是对青少年以及那些患有酒精使用障碍或有酒精使用障碍风险的人。我们希望所提出的概念模型能够激发该领域的研究。我们提出了研究建议，包括需要更严格的方法，包括改进对电子烟使用的测量，并将研究扩展到纵向和实验设计。
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