Ruiz-García Alejandro, Melián-Martel Noemi, Nuez Ignacio
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 35017, Spain.
Department of Process Engineering, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 35017, Spain.
Membranes (Basel). 2017 Oct 24;7(4):62. doi: 10.3390/membranes7040062.
Reverse Osmosis (RO) membrane fouling is one of the main challenges that membrane manufactures, the scientific community and industry professionals have to deal with. The consequences of this inevitable phenomenon have a negative effect on the performance of the desalination system. Predicting fouling in RO systems is key to evaluating the long-term operating conditions and costs. Much research has been done on fouling indices, methods, techniques and prediction models to estimate the influence of fouling on the performance of RO systems. This paper offers a short review evaluating the state of industry knowledge in the development of fouling indices and models in membrane systems for desalination in terms of use and applicability. Despite major efforts in this field, there are gaps in terms of effective methods and models for the estimation of fouling in full-scale RO desalination plants. In existing models applied to full-scale RO desalination plants, neither the spacer geometry of membranes, nor the efficiency and frequency of chemical cleanings are considered.
反渗透（RO）膜污染是膜制造商、科学界和行业专业人士必须应对的主要挑战之一。这种不可避免的现象所带来的后果会对海水淡化系统的性能产生负面影响。预测RO系统中的污染是评估长期运行条件和成本的关键。关于污染指数、方法、技术和预测模型，已经开展了大量研究，以估算污染对RO系统性能的影响。本文简要综述了在膜系统中用于海水淡化的污染指数和模型的开发方面的行业知识现状，涉及使用和适用性。尽管在该领域付出了巨大努力，但在全尺寸RO海水淡化厂污染估算的有效方法和模型方面仍存在差距。在应用于全尺寸RO海水淡化厂的现有模型中，既未考虑膜的间隔物几何形状，也未考虑化学清洗的效率和频率。
