1 The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom.
2 Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich, United Kingdom.
Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 2018 Jan;31(1):34-45. doi: 10.1094/MPMI-08-17-0196-FI. Epub 2017 Nov 16.
A diversity of plant-associated organisms secrete effectors-proteins and metabolites that modulate plant physiology to favor host infection and colonization. However, effectors can also activate plant immune receptors, notably nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat region (NLR)-containing proteins, enabling plants to fight off invading organisms. This interplay between effectors, their host targets, and the matching immune receptors is shaped by intricate molecular mechanisms and exceptionally dynamic coevolution. In this article, we focus on three effectors, AVR-Pik, AVR-Pia, and AVR-Pii, from the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae (syn. Pyricularia oryzae), and their corresponding rice NLR immune receptors, Pik, Pia, and Pii, to highlight general concepts of plant-microbe interactions. We draw 12 lessons in effector and NLR biology that have emerged from studying these three little effectors and are broadly applicable to other plant-microbe systems.
多种与植物相关的生物会分泌效应子——蛋白质和代谢物，它们调节植物的生理机能，促进宿主感染和定植。然而，效应子也可以激活植物免疫受体，特别是含核苷酸结合域和富含亮氨酸重复区（NLR）的蛋白质，使植物能够抵御入侵的生物。这种效应子、它们的宿主靶标以及匹配的免疫受体之间的相互作用是由复杂的分子机制和极其动态的协同进化所塑造的。在本文中，我们专注于来自稻瘟病菌（Magnaporthe oryzae，以前称为 Pyricularia oryzae）的三个效应子 AVR-Pik、AVR-Pia 和 AVR-Pii，以及它们对应的水稻 NLR 免疫受体 Pik、Pia 和 Pii，以突出植物-微生物相互作用的一般概念。我们从研究这三个小效应子中得出了 12 条关于效应子和 NLR 生物学的经验教训，这些经验教训广泛适用于其他植物-微生物系统。
