Gerberich S G, Gerberich B K, Fife D, Cicero J J, Lilja G P, Van Berkom L C
School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.
J Trauma. 1989 Mar;29(3):338-43. doi: 10.1097/00005373-198903000-00010.
To prevent serious complications and facilitate efficient and effective management of patients admitted to the emergency department or intensive care settings, it is extremely important to differentiate, quickly, between elevated concentrations of alcohol in the blood and compromised neurological status due to brain injury or other pathology. This research analyzed the relationship between blood alcohol concentrations (BACs) estimated from venous blood samples and those estimated from breath samples that were obtained using the Alco-Sensor III device with an attached tube for passive nasal breath sampling. Blood and breath samples, as well as brief medical histories and demographic and environmental data, were obtained and recorded for 35 adult trauma patients admitted to two major urban emergency departments. Passively expired nasal breath provided an excellent estimate of BAC measured from venous blood (range, 0 to 0.32) as evidenced in the extremely high regression coefficient (r = 0.99; slope = 1.22; p less than 0.0001). BAC assessment and monitoring, through the application of passive nasal breath sampling, provides a means of rapidly estimating BAC, and thus can facilitate diagnosis and the initiation of appropriate management and treatment.
为预防严重并发症，并促进对急诊科或重症监护病房收治患者的高效管理，快速区分血液中酒精浓度升高与因脑损伤或其他病理状况导致的神经功能受损极为重要。本研究分析了通过静脉血样估算的血液酒精浓度（BAC）与使用附有被动鼻腔呼吸采样管的Alco-Sensor III设备获取的呼气样本估算的BAC之间的关系。对收治到两个主要城市急诊科的35例成年创伤患者采集并记录了血液和呼气样本，以及简要病史、人口统计学和环境数据。被动呼出的鼻腔气体对静脉血中测量的BAC提供了极佳的估计（范围为0至0.32），极高的回归系数证明了这一点（r = 0.99；斜率 = 1.22；p小于0.0001）。通过应用被动鼻腔呼吸采样进行BAC评估和监测，提供了一种快速估算BAC的方法，因此有助于诊断以及启动适当的管理和治疗。
