Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, 200011, Shanghai, China.
Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic, and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031, Basel, Switzerland.
Sci Rep. 2017 Dec 21;7(1):18038. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-17452-5.
The in vivo bioreactor principle, which focuses on using the body as a living bioreactor to cultivate stem cells, bioscaffolds, and growth factors and leveraging the body's self-regenerative capacity to regenerate new tissue, has been considered a potential approach for bone defect reconstruction. The histological characteristics of the periosteum allow it to possess a remarkable capacity to induce bone growth and remodeling, making it suitable as an in vivo bioreactor strategy for bone graft prefabrication. The present study was designed to prefabricate vascularized bone grafts using pedicled periosteal flaps and decellularized bone matrix (DBM) scaffolds in a rabbit model. The muscular pouches created in the femoral muscle were acted as a control. Our histological results revealed that both the periosteal flap group and muscular pouch group induced bone tissue formation on the DBM surface at both 8 and 16 weeks postoperatively. However, micro-computed tomography (microCT) scanning, biomechanical, and histomorphometric findings indicated that bone grafts from the periosteal flap group showed larger bone mass, faster bone formation rates, higher vascular density, and stronger biomechanical properties than in the muscular pouch group. We suggest that using the pedicled periosteal flap as an in vivo bioreactor is a promising approach for functional bone graft prefabrication.
体内生物反应器原理，即利用人体作为活体生物反应器来培养干细胞、生物支架和生长因子，并利用人体的自我再生能力来再生新的组织，被认为是骨缺损重建的一种潜在方法。骨膜的组织学特征使其具有显著的诱导骨生长和重塑的能力，使其成为骨移植物预制的体内生物反应器策略的理想选择。本研究旨在通过兔模型使用带蒂骨膜瓣和脱细胞骨基质（DBM）支架预制血管化骨移植物。股四头肌内创建的肌囊作为对照。我们的组织学结果表明，在术后 8 周和 16 周时，骨膜瓣组和肌囊组均在 DBM 表面诱导了骨组织形成。然而，微计算机断层扫描（microCT）扫描、生物力学和组织形态计量学结果表明，与肌囊组相比，骨膜瓣组的骨移植物具有更大的骨量、更快的成骨速度、更高的血管密度和更强的生物力学性能。我们认为，将带蒂骨膜瓣用作体内生物反应器是一种有前途的功能性骨移植物预制方法。
