Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China.
Jiangxi Medical School of Nanchang University, No. 461, Nanchang 330006, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017 Dec 29;15(1):50. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15010050.
The magnitude of excess mortality risk due to exposures to heavy air pollution during the red alert periods in Beijing remains unknown. A health impact assessment tool combined with the PM-mortality relationship was applied to estimate the number of excess deaths due to high air pollution exposure during two red alert periods in Beijing, China in December 2015. Daily PM concentration increased from 80.2 µg/m³ to 159.8 µg/m³ during the first red alert period and from 61.9 µg/m³ to 226 µg/m³ during the second period in 2015 when compared to daily PM concentrations during the same calendar date of 2013 and 2014. It was estimated that 26 to 42 excessive deaths (including 14 to 34 cardiovascular deaths, and four to 16 respiratory deaths) occurred during the first period, and 40 to 65 excessive deaths (22 to 53 cardiovascular deaths, and six to 13 respiratory deaths) occurred during the second period. The results show that heavy smog may have substantially increased the mortality risk in Beijing, suggesting more stringent air pollution controlling measures should be implemented to protect the public health.
由于在北京的红色预警期暴露于严重的空气污染，导致超额死亡风险的严重程度尚不清楚。应用一种健康影响评估工具结合 PM-死亡率关系，以评估中国北京在 2015 年 12 月两个红色预警期间因高空气污染暴露而导致的超额死亡人数。与 2013 年和 2014 年同期每日 PM 浓度相比，第一个红色预警期间，每日 PM 浓度从 80.2μg/m³增加到 159.8μg/m³，第二个红色预警期间从 61.9μg/m³增加到 226μg/m³。据估计，第一个期间发生了 26 至 42 例超额死亡（包括 14 至 34 例心血管死亡和 4 至 16 例呼吸死亡），第二个期间发生了 40 至 65 例超额死亡（22 至 53 例心血管死亡和 6 至 13 例呼吸死亡）。结果表明，重度雾霾可能大大增加了北京的死亡率风险，表明应实施更严格的空气污染控制措施以保护公众健康。
