Zhang Su-Fen, Tuo Jiu-Ling, Huang Xu-Bin, Zhu Xun, Zhang Ding-Mei, Zhou Kai, Yuan Lei, Luo Hong-Jiao, Zheng Bo-Jian, Yuen Kwok-Yung, Li Meng-Feng, Cao Kai-Yuan, Xu Lin
Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
PLoS One. 2018 Jan 29;13(1):e0191789. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191789. eCollection 2018.
Human coronavirus (HCoV) is one of the most common causes of respiratory tract infection throughout the world. To investigate the epidemiological and genetic variation of HCoV in Guangzhou, south China, we collected totally 13048 throat and nasal swab specimens from adults and children with fever and acute upper respiratory infection symptoms in Gunazhou, south China between July 2010 and June 2015, and the epidemiological features of HCoV and its species were studied. Specimens were screened for HCoV by real-time RT-PCR, and 7 other common respiratory viruses were tested simultaneously by PCR or real-time PCR. HCoV was detected in 294 cases (2.25%) of the 13048 samples, with most of them inpatients (251 cases, 85.4% of HCoV positive cases) and young children not in nursery (53.06%, 156 out of 294 HCoV positive cases). Four HCoVs, as OC43, 229E, NL63 and HKU1 were detected prevalent during 2010-2015 in Guangzhou, and among the HCoV positive cases, 60.20% were OC43, 16.67% were 229E, 14.97% were NL63 and 7.82% were HKU1. The month distribution showed that totally HCoV was prevalent in winter, but differences existed in different species. The 5 year distribution of HCoV showed a peak-valley distribution trend, with the detection rate higher in 2011 and 2013 whereas lower in 2010, 2012 and 2014. The age distribution revealed that children (especially those <3 years old) and old people (>50 years) were both high risk groups to be infected by HCoV. Of the 294 HCoV positive patients, 34.69% (101 cases) were co-infected by other common respiratory viruses, and influenza virus was the most common co-infecting virus (30/101, 29.70%). Fifteen HCoV-OC43 positive samples of 2013-2014 were selected for S gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis, and the results showed that the 15 strains could be divided into 2 clusters in the phylogenetic tree, 12 strains of which formed a separate cluster that was closer to genotype G found in Malaysia. It was revealed for the first time that genotype B and genotype G of HCoV-OC43 co-circulated and the newly defined genotype G was epidemic as a dominant genotype during 2013-2014 in Guanzhou, south China.
人冠状病毒（HCoV）是全球呼吸道感染最常见的病因之一。为调查中国南方广州地区HCoV的流行病学特征及基因变异情况，我们于2010年7月至2015年6月期间，在中国南方广州地区收集了13048份来自有发热及急性上呼吸道感染症状的成人和儿童的咽喉及鼻拭子标本，对HCoV及其种类的流行病学特征进行了研究。通过实时逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）对标本进行HCoV筛查，同时用聚合酶链反应（PCR）或实时PCR检测另外7种常见呼吸道病毒。在13048份样本中，294例（2.25%）检测到HCoV，其中大部分为住院患者（251例，占HCoV阳性病例的85.4%）以及未入托的幼儿（53.06%，294例HCoV阳性病例中的156例）。2010 - 2015年期间在广州检测到4种HCoV流行，分别为OC43、229E、NL63和HKU1，在HCoV阳性病例中，60.20%为OC43，16.67%为229E，14.97%为NL63，7.82%为HKU1。月份分布显示，总体上HCoV在冬季流行，但不同种类存在差异。HCoV的5年分布呈峰谷分布趋势，2011年和2013年的检出率较高，而2010年、2012年和2014年较低。年龄分布显示，儿童（尤其是<3岁的儿童）和老年人（>50岁）都是HCoV感染的高危人群。在294例HCoV阳性患者中，34.69%（101例）合并感染其他常见呼吸道病毒，流感病毒是最常见的合并感染病毒（30/101，29.70%）。选取2013 - 2014年的15份HCoV-OC43阳性样本进行S基因测序和系统发育分析，结果显示这15株病毒在系统发育树中可分为2个簇，其中12株形成一个单独的簇，与在马来西亚发现的G基因型更接近。首次揭示HCoV-OC₄₃的B基因型和G基因型在中国南方广州地区2013 - 2014年期间共同流行，新定义的G基因型作为优势基因型流行。
