Farinango Charic D, Benavides Juan S, Cerón Jesús D, López Diego M, Álvarez Rosa E
Telematics Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunications Engineering, Universidad del Cauca, Popayán, Colombia.
Human Genetics Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad del Cauca, Popayán, Colombia.
J Multidiscip Healthc. 2018 Jan 9;11:21-37. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S150976. eCollection 2018.
Previous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of information and communication technologies to support healthy lifestyle interventions. In particular, personal health record systems (PHR-Ss) empower self-care, essential to support lifestyle changes. Approaches such as the user-centered design (UCD), which is already a standard within the software industry (ISO 9241-210:2010), provide specifications and guidelines to guarantee user acceptance and quality of eHealth systems. However, no single PHR-S for metabolic syndrome (MS) developed following the recommendations of the ISO 9241-210:2010 specification has been found in the literature.
The aim of this study was to describe the development of a PHR-S for the management of MS according to the principles and recommendations of the ISO 9241-210 standard.
The proposed PHR-S was developed using a formal software development process which, in addition to the traditional activities of any software process, included the principles and recommendations of the ISO 9241-210 standard. To gather user information, a survey sample of 1,187 individuals, eight interviews, and a focus group with seven people were performed. Throughout five iterations, three prototypes were built. Potential users of each system evaluated each prototype. The quality attributes of efficiency, effectiveness, and user satisfaction were assessed using metrics defined in the ISO/IEC 25022 standard.
The following results were obtained: 1) a technology profile from 1,187 individuals at risk for MS from the city of Popayan, Colombia, identifying that 75.2% of the people use the Internet and 51% had a smartphone; 2) a PHR-S to manage MS developed (the PHR-S has the following five main functionalities: record the five MS risk factors, share these measures with health care professionals, and three educational modules on nutrition, stress management, and a physical activity); and 3) usability tests on each prototype obtaining the following results: 100% effectiveness, 100% efficiency, and 84.2 points in the system usability scale.
The software development methodology used was based on the ISO 9241-210 standard, which allowed the development team to maintain a focus on user's needs and requirements throughout the project, which resulted in an increased satisfaction and acceptance of the system. Additionally, the establishment of a multidisciplinary team allowed the application of considerations not only from the disciplines of software engineering and health sciences but also from other disciplines such as graphical design and media communication. Finally, usability testing allowed the observation of flaws in the designs, which helped to improve the solution.
先前的研究已经证明信息通信技术在支持健康生活方式干预方面的有效性。特别是，个人健康记录系统（PHR-S）能够促进自我护理，这对于支持生活方式改变至关重要。诸如以用户为中心的设计（UCD）等方法，它已经是软件行业的标准（ISO 9241-210:2010），提供了规范和指南以确保电子健康系统的用户接受度和质量。然而，在文献中尚未发现遵循ISO 9241-210:2010规范的建议开发的用于代谢综合征（MS）的单一PHR-S。
本研究的目的是根据ISO 9241-210标准的原则和建议描述用于管理MS的PHR-S的开发。
所提议的PHR-S是使用正式的软件开发过程开发的，该过程除了任何软件过程的传统活动外，还包括ISO 9241-210标准的原则和建议。为了收集用户信息，对1187名个体进行了调查抽样、8次访谈以及一次有7人的焦点小组讨论。在五个迭代过程中，构建了三个原型。每个系统的潜在用户对每个原型进行了评估。使用ISO/IEC 25022标准中定义的指标评估了效率、有效性和用户满意度等质量属性。
获得了以下结果：1）来自哥伦比亚波帕扬市1187名有MS风险的个体的技术概况，确定75.2%的人使用互联网，51%的人拥有智能手机；2）开发了一个用于管理MS的PHR-S（该PHR-S具有以下五个主要功能：记录五个MS风险因素、与医疗保健专业人员共享这些测量值以及关于营养、压力管理和体育活动的三个教育模块）；3）对每个原型进行的可用性测试获得了以下结果：有效性100%、效率100%以及系统可用性量表得分为84.2分。
所使用的软件开发方法基于ISO 9241-210标准，这使得开发团队在整个项目中能够始终关注用户的需求和要求，从而提高了系统的满意度和接受度。此外，多学科团队的组建使得不仅能够应用软件工程和健康科学学科的考虑因素，还能应用图形设计和媒体通信等其他学科的考虑因素。最后，可用性测试能够观察到设计中的缺陷，这有助于改进解决方案。
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