South African Centre for Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa.
TMF Health Quality Institute, Austin, United States of America (USA).
Bull World Health Organ. 2018 Feb 1;96(2):110-121E. doi: 10.2471/BLT.16.189100. Epub 2017 Dec 11.
To respond to the World Health Assembly call for dissemination of lessons learnt from countries that have begun implementing the International Health Regulations, 2005 revision; IHR (2005).
In November 2015, we conducted a systematic search of the following online databases and sources: PubMed®, Embase®, Global Health, Scopus, World Health Organization (WHO) Global Index Medicus, WHO Bulletin on IHR Implementation and the International Society for Disease Surveillance. We included identified studies and reports summarizing national experience in implementing any of the IHR (2005) core capacities or their components. We excluded studies that were theoretical or referred to IHR (1969). Qualitative systematic review methodology, including meta-ethnography, was used for qualitative synthesis.
We analysed 51 articles from 77 countries representing all WHO Regions. The meta-syntheses identified a total of 44 lessons learnt across the eight core capacities of IHR (2005). Major themes included the need to mobilize and sustain political commitment; to adapt global requirements based on local sociocultural, epidemiological, health system and economic contexts; and to conduct baseline and follow-up assessments to monitor the status of IHR (2005) implementation.
Although experiences of IHR (2005) implementation covered a wide global range, more documentation from Africa and Eastern Europe is needed. We did not find specific areas of weakness in monitoring IHR (2005); sustained monitoring of all core capacities is required to ensure effective systems. These lessons learnt could be adapted by countries in the process of meeting IHR (2005) requirements.
响应世界卫生大会呼吁传播已开始实施 2005 年国际卫生条例（以下简称 IHR（2005））的国家所汲取的经验教训。
2015 年 11 月，我们对以下在线数据库和来源进行了系统检索：PubMed®、Embase®、全球卫生、Scopus、世界卫生组织（WHO）全球医学索引、WHO 实施 IHR 情况通报和国际疾病监测学会。我们纳入了总结各国在实施 IHR（2005）核心能力或其组成部分方面经验的研究和报告。我们排除了理论性研究或涉及 IHR（1969）的研究。采用定性系统综述方法，包括元民族志法进行定性综合分析。
我们分析了来自代表所有世卫组织区域的 77 个国家的 51 篇文章。元综合分析共确定了 IHR（2005）八项核心能力中的 44 条经验教训。主要主题包括动员和维持政治承诺的必要性；根据当地社会文化、流行病学、卫生系统和经济背景调整全球要求；开展基线和后续评估，以监测 IHR（2005）实施情况。
尽管 IHR（2005）实施经验涵盖了广泛的全球范围，但仍需要更多来自非洲和东欧的文件记录。我们没有发现监测 IHR（2005）方面的具体弱点；需要持续监测所有核心能力，以确保建立有效的系统。这些经验教训可被各国在满足 IHR（2005）要求的过程中借鉴。
