Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2018 Apr;49:84-94. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2018.01.004. Epub 2018 Feb 4.
The development of increasingly sophisticated methods for recording and manipulating neural activity is revolutionizing neuroscience. By probing how activity patterns in different types of neurons and circuits contribute to behavior, these tools can help inform mechanistic models of brain function and explain the roles of distinct circuit elements. However, in systems where functions are distributed over large networks, interpreting causality experiments can be challenging. Here we review common assumptions underlying circuit manipulations in behaving animals and discuss the strengths and limitations of different approaches.
日益复杂的记录和操纵神经活动的方法的发展正在彻底改变神经科学。通过探究不同类型的神经元和回路中的活动模式如何促成行为，这些工具可以帮助为大脑功能的机制模型提供信息，并解释不同回路元件的作用。然而，在功能分布在大型网络中的系统中，解释因果关系实验可能具有挑战性。在这里，我们回顾了在行为动物中进行回路操作的常见假设，并讨论了不同方法的优缺点。
