Meng Jianjun, Mundahl John, Streitz Taylor, Maile Kaitlin, Gulachek Nicholas, He Jeffrey, He Bin
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
Mounds View High School, Mounds View, MN 55112 USA.
IEEE Access. 2017;5:18756-18764. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2751069. Epub 2017 Sep 11.
Motor imagery-based (MI based) brain-computer interface (BCI) using electroencephalography (EEG) allows users to directly control a computer or external device by modulating and decoding the brain waves. A variety of factors could potentially affect the performance of BCI such as the health status of subjects or the environment. In this study, we investigated the effects of soft drinks and regular coffee on EEG signals under resting state and on the performance of MI based BCI. Twenty-six healthy human subjects participated in three or four BCI sessions with a resting period in each session. During each session, the subjects drank an unlabeled soft drink with either sugar (Caffeine Free Coca-Cola), caffeine (Diet Coke), neither ingredient (Caffeine Free Diet Coke), or a regular coffee if there was a fourth session. The resting state spectral power in each condition was compared; the analysis showed that power in alpha and beta band after caffeine consumption were decreased substantially compared to control and sugar condition. Although the attenuation of powers in the frequency range used for the online BCI control signal was shown, group averaged BCI online performance after consuming caffeine was similar to those of other conditions. This work, for the first time, shows the effect of caffeine, sugar intake on the online BCI performance and resting state brain signal.
基于运动想象（MI）的脑机接口（BCI）利用脑电图（EEG），允许用户通过调节和解码脑电波来直接控制计算机或外部设备。多种因素可能会影响BCI的性能，比如受试者的健康状况或环境。在本研究中，我们调查了软饮料和普通咖啡对静息状态下脑电信号以及基于MI的BCI性能的影响。26名健康受试者参与了三到四次BCI实验，每次实验之间有休息期。在每次实验期间，如果有第四次实验，受试者会饮用一种未标明成分的软饮料，分别含有糖（无咖啡因可口可乐）、咖啡因（健怡可乐）、两种成分都没有（无咖啡因健怡可乐），或者一杯普通咖啡。比较了每种情况下的静息状态频谱功率；分析表明，与对照组和含糖情况相比，摄入咖啡因后α和β波段的功率大幅下降。尽管显示了用于在线BCI控制信号的频率范围内功率的衰减，但摄入咖啡因后的组平均BCI在线性能与其他情况相似。这项工作首次展示了咖啡因、糖分摄入对在线BCI性能和静息状态脑信号的影响。
