Lee Chun-Wei, Tseng Fan-Gang
Department of Engineering and System, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
Biomicrofluidics. 2018 Jan 23;12(1):011502. doi: 10.1063/1.5012909. eCollection 2018 Jan.
In recent years, Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) has been widely applied to many different areas, including chemical analysis, biomolecule detection, bioagent diagnostics, DNA sequence, and environmental monitor, due to its capabilities of unlabeled fingerprint identification, high sensitivity, and rapid detection. In biomicrofluidic systems, it is also very powerful to integrate SERS based devices with specified micro-fluid flow fields to further focusing/enhancing/multiplexing SERS signals through molecule registration, concentration/accumulation, and allocation. In this review, after a brief introduction of the mechanism of SERS detection on proteins, we will first focus on the effectiveness of different nanostructures for SERS enhancement and light-to-heat conversion in trace protein analysis. Various protein molecule accumulation schemes by either (bio-)chemical or physical ways, such as immuno, electrochemical, Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, and magnetic, will then be reviewed for further SERS signal amplification. The analytical and repeatability/stability issues of SERS detection on proteins will also be brought up for possible solutions. Then, the comparison about various ways employing microfluidic systems to register, concentrate, and enhance the signals of SERS and reduce the background noise by active or passive means to manipulate SERS nanostructures and protein molecules will be elaborated. Finally, we will carry on the discussion on the challenges and opportunities by introducing SERS into biomicrofluidic systems and their potential solutions.
近年来，表面增强拉曼散射（SERS）因其具有无需标记的指纹识别、高灵敏度和快速检测能力，已被广泛应用于许多不同领域，包括化学分析、生物分子检测、生物制剂诊断、DNA测序和环境监测。在生物微流体系统中，将基于SERS的器件与特定的微流体流场集成，通过分子配准、浓缩/积累和分配来进一步聚焦/增强/复用SERS信号，也非常有效。在这篇综述中，在简要介绍蛋白质的SERS检测机制后，我们将首先关注不同纳米结构在痕量蛋白质分析中对SERS增强和光热转换的有效性。然后将综述通过免疫、电化学、针尖增强拉曼光谱和磁性等（生物）化学或物理方式进行各种蛋白质分子积累的方案，以进一步放大SERS信号。还将提出蛋白质SERS检测的分析以及重复性/稳定性问题及可能的解决方案。接着，将详细阐述关于采用微流体系统通过主动或被动方式操纵SERS纳米结构和蛋白质分子来配准、浓缩和增强SERS信号并降低背景噪声的各种方法的比较。最后，我们将通过介绍将SERS引入生物微流体系统所面临的挑战和机遇及其潜在解决方案来进行讨论。
