Bruschini Marco, Carli Antonella, Burla Franco
Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Work. 2018;59(1):121-129. doi: 10.3233/WOR-172657.
Healthcare workers are exposed to work related stresses that significantly increase their risk of burnout.
To evaluate and compare burnout and work related stress levels in three categories of health professionals: physiotherapists, speech therapists and occupational therapists.
A convenience sample of 391 health professionals participated, including 210 physiotherapists, 101 speech therapists and 80 occupational therapists. We collected general socio-demographic information and administered the standardized Italian version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) Management Standards Indicator Tool.
We found the proportion of professionals with high-risk scores in the three dimensions of the MBI to be as follows: Emotional Exhaustion 32%, Depersonalisation 13% and Personal Accomplishment 9%. Overall, 14% of participants were at high risk of burnout. No significant differences were found between the three professional categories. Five subscales of the HSE were associated with burnout: Control (p < 0.01), Management support (p < 0.01), Relationship (p < 0.05), Role (p < 0.01), and Change (p < 0.05).
Like all health care workers, rehabilitation professionals are at a high risk of burnout. There are common mechanisms underlying burnout in the different professional groups investigated. Further research in occupational health in rehabilitation settings is needed to prevent burnout.
医护人员面临与工作相关的压力，这显著增加了他们职业倦怠的风险。
评估并比较三类健康专业人员的职业倦怠和与工作相关的压力水平，这三类人员分别是物理治疗师、言语治疗师和职业治疗师。
391名健康专业人员参与了此次便利抽样研究，其中包括210名物理治疗师、101名言语治疗师和80名职业治疗师。我们收集了一般社会人口学信息，并使用了标准化的意大利语版马氏职业倦怠量表（MBI）和健康与安全执行委员会（HSE）管理标准指标工具。
我们发现，在MBI三个维度中得分处于高风险的专业人员比例如下：情感耗竭为32%，去个性化为13%，个人成就感为9%。总体而言，14%的参与者存在职业倦怠的高风险。在这三类专业人员之间未发现显著差异。HSE的五个子量表与职业倦怠相关：控制（p<0.01）、管理支持（p<0.01）、人际关系（p<0.05）、角色（p<0.01）和变革（p<0.05）。
与所有医护人员一样，康复专业人员存在较高的职业倦怠风险。在所调查的不同专业群体中，职业倦怠存在共同的潜在机制。需要在康复环境中进一步开展职业健康研究以预防职业倦怠。
