Dieckmann Peter, Glavin Ronnie, Hartvigsen Grønholm Jepsen Rikke Malene, Krage Ralf
1Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation (CAMES), Center for Human Resources, Capital Region of Denmark, Herlev Hospital, 25th floor, Herlev Ringvej 75, 2370 Herlev, Denmark.
Scottish Centre for Simulation and Clinical Human Factors, Larbert, UK.
Adv Simul (Lond). 2016 Jul 22;1:23. doi: 10.1186/s41077-016-0024-z. eCollection 2016.
Acquiring the concepts of non-technical skills (NTS) beyond a superficial level is a challenge for healthcare professionals and simulation faculty. Current simulation-based approaches to teach NTS are challenged when learners have to master NTS concepts, clinically challenging situations, and simulation as a complex technique. The combination of all three aspects might overwhelm learners. To facilitate the deeper comprehension of NTS concepts, we describe an innovative video-based game, the Non-Technical Skills (NTS) Bingo. Participants get NTS Bingo cards that show five NTS elements each. While observing (non-medical) video clips, they try to find examples for the elements on their cards, typically observable behaviours that match a given element. After the video, participants "defend" their solution in a discussion with the game leader and other players. This discussion and the reflection aim to deepen the processing of the NTS concepts. We provide practical guidance for the conduct of NTS Bingo, including a selection of usable video clips and tips for the facilitated discussion after a clip. We use NTS in anaesthesia as example and provide guidance on how to adapt NTS Bingo to other disciplines. NTS Bingo is based on theoretical considerations on concept learning, which we describe to support the rationale for its conduct.
对于医疗保健专业人员和模拟教学人员来说，要在表面层面之外掌握非技术技能（NTS）的概念是一项挑战。当学习者必须掌握NTS概念、临床具有挑战性的情况以及作为一种复杂技术的模拟时，当前基于模拟的NTS教学方法面临挑战。这三个方面的结合可能会让学习者应接不暇。为了促进对NTS概念的更深入理解，我们描述了一种创新的基于视频的游戏——非技术技能（NTS）宾果游戏。参与者会得到NTS宾果卡片，每张卡片展示五个NTS元素。在观看（非医学）视频片段时，他们试图在自己的卡片上找到这些元素的示例，通常是与给定元素相匹配的可观察行为。视频结束后，参与者在与游戏领导者和其他玩家的讨论中“捍卫”他们的答案。这种讨论和反思旨在加深对NTS概念的理解。我们为NTS宾果游戏的开展提供实用指导，包括可用视频片段的选择以及视频片段后促进讨论的技巧。我们以麻醉中的NTS为例，并提供如何将NTS宾果游戏应用于其他学科的指导。NTS宾果游戏基于概念学习的理论考量，我们对此进行描述以支持其开展的基本原理。
