Department of Orthopaedic Research, Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, University of Toledo Health Sciences Campus, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA.
Curr Osteoporos Rep. 2018 Apr;16(2):123-129. doi: 10.1007/s11914-018-0426-z.
The goal of this review is to summarize recent findings on marrow adipose tissue (MAT) function and to discuss the possibility of targeting MAT for therapeutic purposes.
MAT is characterized with high heterogeneity which may suggest both that marrow adipocytes originate from multiple different progenitors and/or their phenotype is determined by skeletal location and environmental cues. Close relationship to osteoblasts and heterogeneity suggests that MAT consists of cells representing spectrum of phenotypes ranging from lipid-filled adipocytes to pre-osteoblasts. We propose a term of adiposteoblast for describing phenotypic spectrum of MAT. Manipulating with MAT activity in diseases where impairment in energy metabolism correlates with bone functional deficit, such as aging and diabetes, may be beneficial for both. Paracrine activities of MAT might be considered for treatment of bone diseases. MAT has unrecognized potential, either beneficial or detrimental, to regulate bone homeostasis in physiological and pathological conditions. More research is required to harness this potential for therapeutic purposes.
本文旨在总结骨髓脂肪组织（MAT）功能的最新研究结果，并探讨针对 MAT 进行治疗的可能性。
MAT 具有高度异质性，这可能表明骨髓脂肪细胞来源于多个不同的祖细胞，或者其表型由骨骼位置和环境线索决定。MAT 与成骨细胞密切相关，且具有异质性，这表明 MAT 由一系列表型的细胞组成，范围从充满脂质的脂肪细胞到成骨前体细胞。我们提出了一个术语“脂肪成骨细胞”来描述 MAT 的表型谱。在能量代谢受损与骨功能缺陷相关的疾病中，如衰老和糖尿病，操纵 MAT 活性可能对两者都有益。MAT 的旁分泌活性可考虑用于治疗骨疾病。MAT 在生理和病理条件下调节骨稳态具有未被认识到的潜在有益或有害作用。需要进一步的研究来挖掘这种治疗潜力。
