Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America.
Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2018 Mar 7;13(3):e0194025. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194025. eCollection 2018.
The increasing range of Aedes aegypti, vector for Zika, dengue, chikungunya, and other viruses, has brought attention to the need to understand the population and transmission dynamics of this mosquito. It is well understood that environmental factors and breeding site characteristics play a role in organismal development and the potential to transmit pathogens. In this study, we observe the impact of larval density in combination with diurnal temperature on the time to pupation, emergence, and mortality of Aedes aegypti. Experiments were conducted at two diurnal temperature ranges based on 10 years of historical temperatures of Houston, Texas (21-32°C and 26.5-37.5°C). Experiments at constant temperatures (26.5°C, 32°C) were also conducted for comparison. At each temperature setting, five larval densities were observed (0.2, 1, 2, 4, 5 larvae per mL of water). Data collected shows significant differences in time to first pupation, time of first emergence, maximum rate of pupation, time of maximum rate of pupation, maximum rate of emergence, time of maximum rate of emergence, final average proportion of adult emergence, and average proportion of larval mortality. Further, data indicates a significant interactive effect between temperature fluctuation and larval density on these measures. Thus, wild population estimates should account for temperature fluctuations, larval density, and their interaction in low-volume containers.
埃及伊蚊的分布范围不断扩大，成为寨卡、登革热、基孔肯雅热和其他病毒的传播媒介，这引起了人们对了解这种蚊子的种群和传播动态的关注。人们清楚地认识到，环境因素和滋生地特征在生物发育和传播病原体的潜力方面发挥着作用。在这项研究中，我们观察了幼虫密度与昼夜温度相结合对埃及伊蚊化蛹、羽化和死亡率的影响。实验在德克萨斯州休斯顿的 10 年历史温度（21-32°C 和 26.5-37.5°C）的两个昼夜温度范围内进行。还进行了在恒定温度（26.5°C、32°C）下的实验进行比较。在每个温度设置下，观察了五个幼虫密度（每毫升水 0.2、1、2、4、5 个幼虫）。收集的数据显示，首次化蛹时间、首次羽化时间、化蛹最大速率、化蛹最大速率时间、羽化最大速率、羽化最大速率时间、成虫最终平均羽化比例和幼虫死亡率的差异显著。此外，数据表明，温度波动和幼虫密度对这些措施有显著的交互作用。因此，对野生种群的估计应考虑到小容量容器中的温度波动、幼虫密度及其相互作用。
