FACTHUM Lab (Human Factor and Road Safety) Research Group, INTRAS (Research Institute on Traffic and Road Safety), University of Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
DATS (Development and Advising in Traffic Safety) Research Group, Faculty of Psychology, INTRAS (Research Institute on Traffic and Road Safety), University of Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Mar 12;15(3):497. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15030497.
Public transport is an effective and sustainable alternative to private vehicle usage, also helping to reduce the environmental impact of driving. However, the work environment of public transport operators is full of adverse conditions, which, together with their high mileage, may increase the occurrence of negative safety outcomes such as traffic accidents, often preceded by risky road behaviors enhanced by stress, anger, and difficult operating conditions. The aims of this study were, first, to determine the association between work-related psychosocial factors and individual characteristics of public transport drivers and the rate of traffic sanctions they are subject to; and second, to assess the mediation of driving anger in this relationship. A sample of professional drivers (57.4% city bus, 17.6% taxi, and 25% inter-urban bus male operators) was used for this cross-sectional study, responding to a five-section survey including demographic data and driving-related factors, psychosocial work factors including job stress, driving stress, risk predisposition, and driving anger. The results of this study showed significant associations between work-related factors: measures of stress and self-reported rates of traffic fines. Second, it was found that driving anger mediates the associations between driving stress, risk predisposition, and traffic sanctions; and partially mediates the association between driving experience, hourly intensity, and job stress. This study supports the idea that traffic penalties reported by public transport rates are preceded by work-related, personality, and other individual factors that, when combined with driving anger, enhance the occurrence of road misbehavior that may affect overall road safety.
公共交通是私人车辆使用的有效且可持续的替代方式，还有助于减少驾驶对环境的影响。然而，公共交通运营商的工作环境充满了不利条件，再加上他们的高里程数，可能会增加负面安全结果的发生，例如交通事故，这些事故往往是由压力、愤怒和困难的操作条件增强的危险道路行为引起的。本研究的目的首先是确定与工作相关的心理社会因素以及公共交通司机的个人特征与他们受到的交通处罚率之间的关联；其次，评估驾驶愤怒在这种关系中的中介作用。这项横断面研究使用了专业司机的样本（57.4%的城市公交车、17.6%的出租车和 25%的城际巴士男性司机），他们对包括人口统计数据和驾驶相关因素在内的五个部分的调查做出了回应，包括心理社会工作因素，如工作压力、驾驶压力、风险倾向和驾驶愤怒。这项研究的结果表明，工作相关因素之间存在显著关联：压力测量和自我报告的交通罚款率。其次，研究发现，驾驶愤怒中介了驾驶压力、风险倾向和交通罚款之间的关联；并部分中介了驾驶经验、每小时强度和工作压力之间的关联。这项研究支持了这样一种观点，即公共交通费率报告的交通罚款是由工作相关的、个性的和其他个人因素引起的，当这些因素与驾驶愤怒结合在一起时，会增加道路违规行为的发生，从而影响整体道路安全。
