Akram Zohaib, Al-Kheraif Abdulaziz A, Kellesarian Sergio V, Vohra Fahim, Javed Fawad
Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ziauddin University.
Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University.
J Oral Sci. 2018;60(1):115-120. doi: 10.2334/josnusd.17-0090.
The aim of the present cohort study was to compare oral carriage of Candida in waterpipe smokers (WS), cigarette smokers (CS), and non-smokers (NS). A total of 141 individuals (46 WS, 45 CS, and 50 NS) were included. A questionnaire was used to gather demographic information and data on the daily frequency and duration of smoking habits, the reasons for smoking, and daily oral hygiene maintenance habits. Oral Candida (C.) samples were cultured and yeast species were identified using polymerase chain reaction. Unstimulated whole salivary flow rate (UWSFR) was also recorded. The numbers of missing teeth (MT) were counted and tongue lesions were clinically identified. C. albicans was the most prevalent yeast species isolated from all groups. Oral C. albicans carriage was higher among WS (P < 0.05) and CS (P < 0.05) than among NS. Oral C. tropicalis carriage, age, UWSFR and the number of MT were comparable among the groups. Oral Candida carriage was significantly higher among WS and CS than among NS. Therefore it appears that WS and CS are at an increased risk of developing oral candida infections.
本队列研究的目的是比较水烟吸食者（WS）、香烟吸烟者（CS）和非吸烟者（NS）口腔念珠菌的携带情况。共纳入141名个体（46名WS、45名CS和50名NS）。使用问卷收集人口统计学信息以及吸烟习惯的每日频率和持续时间、吸烟原因和每日口腔卫生维护习惯等数据。对口腔念珠菌（C.）样本进行培养，并使用聚合酶链反应鉴定酵母种类。还记录了非刺激性全唾液流速（UWSFR）。统计缺失牙（MT）的数量并临床识别舌部病变。白色念珠菌是所有组中分离出的最常见酵母种类。WS组（P < 0.05）和CS组（P < 0.05）的口腔白色念珠菌携带率高于NS组。热带念珠菌的口腔携带率、年龄、UWSFR和MT数量在各组之间具有可比性。WS组和CS组的口腔念珠菌携带率显著高于NS组。因此，WS和CS发生口腔念珠菌感染的风险似乎增加。
