The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.
Sichuan Institute of Musk Deer Breeding, Dujiangyan, Sichuan Province, China.
Parasit Vectors. 2018 Mar 26;11(1):204. doi: 10.1186/s13071-018-2681-3.
Giardia duodenalis and Enterocytozoon bieneusi are widespread pathogens that can infect humans and various animal species. Thus far, there are only a few reports of G. duodenalis and E. bieneusi infections in ruminant wildlife. Thus, the objective of this study was to examine the prevalence of G. duodenalis and E. bieneusi in forest musk deer in Sichuan, China, as well as identifying their genotypes.
In total, we collected 223 faecal samples from musk deer at the Sichuan Institute of Musk Deer Breeding in Dujiangyan (n = 80) and the Maerkang Breeding Institute (n = 143). Five (2.24%) faecal samples were positive for G. duodenalis; three belonged to assemblage E, and two belonged to assemblage A based on the sequence analysis of the β-giardin (bg) gene. One sample each was found to be positive based on the glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) and triosephosphate isomerase (tpi) gene, respectively. Thirty-eight (17.04%) faecal samples were found to be E. bieneusi-positive based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence, and only SC03 genotype was identified, which belonged to the zoonotic group 1 according to the phylogenic analysis. The infection rates were significantly different among the different geographical areas and age groups but had no apparent association with gender or clinical symptoms.
To our knowledge, this was the first molecular characterisation of G. duodenalis and E. bieneusi in musk deer. Identification of the zoonotic genotypes indicated a potential public health threat, and our study suggested that the forest musk deer is an important carrier of these parasites.
蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫和肠微孢子虫是广泛存在的病原体，可感染人类和各种动物。迄今为止，仅有少数关于反刍野生动物中蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫和肠微孢子虫感染的报道。因此，本研究旨在检测中国四川林麝中蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫和肠微孢子虫的流行情况，并鉴定其基因型。
我们共从都江堰四川麝鹿繁殖研究所（n=80）和马尔康繁殖研究所（n=143）的林麝中收集了 223 份粪便样本。5 份（2.24%）粪便样本对蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫呈阳性；基于β-微管蛋白（bg）基因序列分析，其中 3 份属于 E 群，2 份属于 A 群。根据谷氨酸脱氢酶（gdh）和磷酸丙糖异构酶（tpi）基因，各有 1 份样本呈阳性。根据内部转录间隔区（ITS）序列，38 份（17.04%）粪便样本对肠微孢子虫呈阳性，仅鉴定出 SC03 基因型，根据系统发育分析，它属于人畜共患组 1。不同地理区域和年龄组之间的感染率存在显著差异，但与性别或临床症状无明显关联。
据我们所知，这是首次对林麝中的蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫和肠微孢子虫进行分子特征描述。对人畜共患病基因型的鉴定表明存在潜在的公共卫生威胁，我们的研究表明，林麝是这些寄生虫的重要载体。
