Jiang Haichao, Hu Jie, Li Zhi, Liu Jia, Gao Guanjun, Zhang Qinglu, Xiao Jinghua, He Yuqing
National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), and National Center of Crop Molecular Breeding, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
Rice (N Y). 2018 Apr 11;11(1):22. doi: 10.1186/s12284-018-0215-4.
The brown planthopper (BPH), an insect species that feeds on rice plants (Oryza sativa L.), is one of the most destructive insect pests of rice. BPH can be controlled with chemical pesticides, but they are expensive in terms of the cost and environmental hazards. Hence, utilization of resistance genes in resistant varieties is considered as a more economical and eco-friendly effective method for control.
In this study, six dominant BPH-resistance genes (Bph3, Bph14, Bph15, Bph18, Bph20 and Bph21) were introduced into an elite indica rice cultivar Jin 23B using the marker-assisted selection (MAS) method of breeding. One line combining Bph14 and Bph15 and six single gene introgression lines were used to evaluate the gene effects based on three parameters: seedling and tillering resistance of the rice genotypes, honeydew weight, and BPH survival rate. Among all improved lines, combination of Bph14 and Bph15 had the largest effect in conferring resistance to BPH. Bioassays showed that the order of the gene effects was Bph14/Bph15 > Bph15 ≥ Bph14 ≥ Bph20 ≥ Bph21 ≥ Bph3 > Bph18 > none at the rice seedling stage. The pyramided or single-gene introgression lines showed enhanced resistance relative to the control. Furthermore, field trial data demonstrated that yields of improved Jin 23B lines were similar to the control under BPH-free field conditions.
Each of the BPH resistance genes reduced BPH growth and development, and was effective at both the seedling and tillering growth stages. These lines can be used in rice hybrid and production in China.
褐飞虱是一种以水稻植株（Oryza sativa L.）为食的昆虫，是水稻最具破坏性的害虫之一。褐飞虱可用化学农药控制，但从成本和环境危害方面来看，这些农药成本高昂。因此，利用抗性品种中的抗性基因被认为是一种更经济、环保的有效防治方法。
在本研究中，利用分子标记辅助选择（MAS）育种方法，将六个显性抗褐飞虱基因（Bph3、Bph14、Bph15、Bph18、Bph20和Bph21）导入优良籼稻品种金23B中。利用一个聚合了Bph14和Bph15的株系以及六个单基因导入系，基于三个参数评估基因效应：水稻基因型的苗期和分蘖期抗性、蜜露重量以及褐飞虱存活率。在所有改良株系中，Bph14和Bph15的组合在赋予对褐飞虱抗性方面效果最大。生物测定表明，在水稻苗期，基因效应顺序为Bph14/Bph15 > Bph15 ≥ Bph14 ≥ Bph20 ≥ Bph21 ≥ Bph3 > Bph18 > 无抗性。聚合或单基因导入系相对于对照表现出增强的抗性。此外，田间试验数据表明，在无褐飞虱的田间条件下，改良的金23B株系产量与对照相似。
每个抗褐飞虱基因都降低了褐飞虱的生长发育，并且在苗期和分蘖期生长阶段均有效。这些株系可用于中国水稻杂交和生产。
