Dairy Microbiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India.
Animal Biochemistry Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India.
Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins. 2019 Jun;11(2):460-469. doi: 10.1007/s12602-018-9414-y.
Aflatoxin M (AFM) is known to be a potent carcinogen and continues to pose a public health concern through the consumption of contaminated dairy foods. It is anticipated that consumption of lactic acid bacteria capable of binding aflatoxins can reduce the risk of AFM on human health to a certain extent. Seldom reports have hinted the possibility of using lactic acid bacteria for the biological detoxification of AFM. Hence, the present study was conducted to assess the ability of selected probiotic Lactobacillus strains for their AFM binding ability in PBS and to reduce its bioaccessibility in artificially contaminated skim milk using an in vitro digestion model. Eleven tested probiotic strains illustrated various degrees of AFM binding ability ranging from 4.13 to 64.16%. Five among the 11 probiotic strains were subsequently selected for detailed studies on the basis of highest binding potential after 24 h of incubation period. The stability of bacterial-AFM complex was assessed by repeated washings with AFM free PBS. The observation on bacterial-AFM complex stability showed small release of AFM in first and second wash (17.30 to 0.98%) where as none was detectable in the third wash. However, upon chloroform extraction, 88.57 to 92.30% of bound AFM was released from the bacterial cells which indicate AFM binding to the bacterial cell surface rather than absorption or degradation of AFM by bacterial cells. During the in vitro digestion test in skim milk, bioaccessibility of AFM was reduced to a scale of 32.61 to 52.84% in the presence of selected strains of probiotic lactobacilli. The present findings suggest that selected probiotic strains could be potentially used to mitigate the toxic effects of AFM in the contaminated milk and milk products and thereby enhance food safety.
黄曲霉毒素 M（AFM）是一种强致癌物质，通过食用受污染的乳制品，继续对公众健康构成威胁。预计食用能够结合黄曲霉毒素的乳酸菌，可以在一定程度上降低 AFM 对人类健康的风险。很少有报道暗示使用乳酸菌进行 AFM 的生物解毒的可能性。因此，本研究旨在评估选定的益生菌乳杆菌菌株在 PBS 中结合 AFM 的能力，并使用体外消化模型降低人工污染脱脂乳中 AFM 的生物可及性。11 株测试益生菌菌株在 PBS 中表现出不同程度的 AFM 结合能力，范围从 4.13%到 64.16%。在孵育 24 小时后，根据结合潜力，从 11 株益生菌菌株中选择了 5 株进行详细研究。通过用不含 AFM 的 PBS 反复洗涤来评估细菌-AFM 复合物的稳定性。细菌-AFM 复合物稳定性的观察表明，在第一次和第二次洗涤中，AFM 少量释放（17.30%至 0.98%），而在第三次洗涤中则无法检测到。然而，在用氯仿提取时，从细菌细胞中释放出 88.57%至 92.30%的结合 AFM，这表明 AFM 结合到细菌细胞表面，而不是被细菌细胞吸收或降解。在脱脂乳的体外消化试验中，在选定的益生菌乳杆菌菌株存在下，AFM 的生物可及性降低到 32.61%至 52.84%。本研究结果表明，选定的益生菌菌株可能潜在地用于减轻污染牛奶和奶制品中 AFM 的毒性作用，从而提高食品安全。
