Muc Rafał, Saracen Agnieszka, Grabska-Liberek Iwona
Faculty of Health Sciences and Physical Education, K. Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Radom, Poland.
Ophthalmology Clinic Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education Warsaw, Warsaw Poland.
Open Med (Wars). 2018 Apr 18;13:130-136. doi: 10.1515/med-2018-0008. eCollection 2018.
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the biggest healthcare and financial problems worldwide. The disease is strongly associated with microvascular and macrovascular complications, causing co-existing diseases like Diabetic Retinopathy, Diabetic Neuropathy and Diabetic Nephropathy. Annual healthcare expenditures for diabetes treatment and complications prevention cost 727 billion USD in year 2017. Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Retinal Neuropathy are closely related diseases - originating from incorrectly controlled glycemia, blood pressure and lipid levels in the course of increasing resistance of the body tissues to insulin. Irrespectively of thorough programs for Diabetes Mellitus prevention and treatment, Diabetic Retinopathy management requires targeted treatment strategies for both microvasculopathy and retinal neurodegeneration, to delay disease severity course and risk of blindness. The study and conclusions in this article are based on web-available data and officially published articles related to the diabetes mellitus and associated diseases - Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Retinal Neuropathy. The articles have been reviewed and analyzed to assess mutual relations between the discussed diseases.
糖尿病（DM）是全球最大的医疗和财务问题之一。该疾病与微血管和大血管并发症密切相关，会引发诸如糖尿病视网膜病变、糖尿病神经病变和糖尿病肾病等并存疾病。2017年，用于糖尿病治疗和并发症预防的年度医疗支出达7270亿美元。糖尿病、糖尿病视网膜病变和糖尿病性视网膜神经病变是密切相关的疾病——起因于身体组织对胰岛素的抵抗性增加过程中血糖、血压和血脂水平控制不当。无论糖尿病的预防和治疗方案多么全面，糖尿病视网膜病变的管理都需要针对微血管病变和视网膜神经退行性变的靶向治疗策略，以延缓疾病严重程度进程和失明风险。本文的研究和结论基于可在网络上获取的数据以及与糖尿病及其相关疾病——糖尿病视网膜病变和糖尿病性视网膜神经病变相关的官方发表文章。已对这些文章进行审查和分析，以评估所讨论疾病之间的相互关系。
