Health Research Group, Welfare and Social and Health Sustainability (SALBIS), Faculty of Health Science, University of León, Vegazana Campus, s/n, 24071 León, Spain.
Library and Information Science Department, Faculty of Humanities, Communication and Documentation, Carlos III University, 28903 Getafe, Madrid, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Apr 24;15(5):837. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15050837.
Safety during birth has improved since hospital delivery became standard practice, but the process has also become increasingly medicalised. Hence, recent years have witnessed a growing interest in home births due to the advantages it offers to mothers and their newborn infants. The aims of the present study were to confirm the transition from a home birth model of care to a scenario in which deliveries began to occur almost exclusively in a hospital setting; to define the social networks surrounding home births; and to determine whether geography exerted any influence on the social networks surrounding home births. Adopting a qualitative approach, we recruited 19 women who had given birth at home in the mid 20th century in a rural area in Spain. We employed a social network analysis method. Our results revealed three essential aspects that remain relevant today: the importance of health professionals in home delivery care, the importance of the mother’s primary network, and the influence of the geographical location of the actors involved in childbirth. All of these factors must be taken into consideration when developing strategies for maternal health.
自医院分娩成为标准做法以来，分娩过程中的安全性已经得到提高，但这一过程也变得越来越医学化。因此，由于家庭分娩为母亲及其新生儿带来的优势，近年来人们对家庭分娩越来越感兴趣。本研究的目的是确认从家庭分娩模式向分娩几乎完全在医院进行的情景的转变；定义家庭分娩的社会网络；并确定地理因素是否对家庭分娩的社会网络产生影响。本研究采用定性方法，招募了 19 名 20 世纪中叶在西班牙农村地区在家中分娩的女性。我们采用了社会网络分析方法。研究结果揭示了三个至今仍具有重要意义的方面：在家庭分娩护理中，卫生专业人员的重要性、母亲主要网络的重要性，以及参与分娩的行为者的地理位置的影响。在制定孕产妇健康战略时，必须考虑到所有这些因素。
