Institute for Agricultural and Earthmoving Machines (IMAMOTER), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Strada delle Cacce, 73, 10135 Torino, Italy.
Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, via Accademia Albertina, 13, 10123, Torino, Italy.
Public Health. 2018 Jul;160:10-17. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2018.03.018. Epub 2018 Apr 24.
Migrant farmworkers report higher rates of work-related illnesses, injuries and fatalities compared with local workers. Language and cultural barriers represent a relevant source of risk, which can be reduced by means of targeted training interventions. However, very little evidence is available about the effectiveness of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) training programmes addressing migrant farmworkers.
We carried out a scoping review.
Currently available literature about the effectiveness of OSH training for migrant farmworkers-in terms of improvements in at least one of the following: safety knowledge, behaviours, attitudes and beliefs and health outcomes-was searched from four databases: PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus and Web of Science. The screening was performed independently by two authors, and any disagreement was resolved through discussion until consensus was achieved. Once the articles eligible for inclusion were selected, the objectives, design, sample and setting, interventions and findings of each study were recorded. No quality assessment tool for publications considered by this study has been used because a scoping review does not aim for critical appraisal.
Twenty-nine publications met the inclusion criteria. Of these, nine cross-sectional studies discussed the effectiveness of training activities in terms of whether participating in any programme had or did not have a significant effect on the dependent variables, when training was considered along with other sociodemographic factors. In the majority of these studies, training appeared to have low or no effect on the dependent variables considered. Twenty mainly within-subject experimental studies addressed the effectiveness of specific training methods, reporting significant improvements especially for interventions based on a participatory approach.
Training could greatly contribute to an effective attainment of OSH information, but the present review shows that more evidence is needed to guide the future development of effective training activities.
与当地工人相比，移民农民工报告的与工作相关的疾病、伤害和死亡发生率更高。语言和文化障碍是一个相关的风险源，可以通过有针对性的培训干预措施来降低。然而，关于针对移民农民工的职业安全与健康 (OSH) 培训计划的有效性，几乎没有证据。
我们进行了范围界定审查。
从四个数据库（PubMed、PsycINFO、Scopus 和 Web of Science）中搜索了关于 OSH 培训对移民农民工的有效性的现有文献，至少在以下一个方面有所改善：安全知识、行为、态度和信念以及健康结果。两名作者独立进行筛选，任何分歧都通过讨论解决，直到达成共识。一旦选择了符合纳入标准的文章，就记录了每篇研究的目标、设计、样本和设置、干预措施和发现。由于范围界定审查不旨在进行批判性评估，因此没有使用用于考虑本研究出版物的质量评估工具。
有 29 篇出版物符合纳入标准。其中，有 9 项横断面研究讨论了培训活动的有效性，即在考虑培训与其他社会人口因素时，参加任何计划是否对因变量有显著影响。在这些研究中，大多数研究表明培训对所考虑的因变量几乎没有影响或没有影响。20 项主要的个体内实验研究针对特定培训方法的有效性，报告了特别是基于参与式方法的干预措施的显著改善。
培训可以极大地促进 OSH 信息的有效获取，但本综述表明，需要更多证据来指导未来有效培训活动的发展。
