Hayden Russell P, Flannigan Ryan, Schlegel Peter N
Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 525 East 68th Street, Starr 900, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
Curr Urol Rep. 2018 May 17;19(7):56. doi: 10.1007/s11934-018-0805-0.
Increasing attention to primary and secondary prevention of male infertility through modifiable lifestyle factors has gained traction amongst both patients and infertility specialists. In this review, the available evidence of modifiable lifestyle choices, specifically diet, physical activity, and body habitus, are evaluated.
Studies examining diet, exercise/physical activity, and body habitus are characterized by conflicting conclusions, difficult confounders, and imperfect end points to judge male reproductive potential. However, convincing trends have emerged implicating consumption of saturated fats, pesticide exposure, high intensity exercise, and extremes of body mass index as detrimental to male fertility. Data assessing modifiable risk factors and subfertility in male partners has emphasized the notion of moderation. Balancing dietary fat, moderation of physical activity, and the management of a healthy body habitus favor both improvement of semen quality and birth outcomes. These observations provide actionable data for the reproductive urologist to better counsel men presenting with infertility.
通过可改变的生活方式因素对男性不育进行一级和二级预防日益受到关注，这在患者和不育症专家中都引起了关注。在本综述中，对可改变的生活方式选择，特别是饮食、体育活动和身体状况的现有证据进行了评估。
研究饮食、运动/体育活动和身体状况的研究存在相互矛盾的结论、难以控制的混杂因素以及判断男性生殖潜力的不完美终点。然而，已经出现了令人信服的趋势，表明饱和脂肪的摄入、接触农药、高强度运动以及体重指数的极端情况对男性生育能力有害。评估男性伴侣中可改变的风险因素和生育力低下的数据强调了适度的概念。平衡饮食脂肪、适度进行体育活动以及保持健康的身体状况有利于精液质量的改善和生育结局。这些观察结果为生殖泌尿科医生更好地为不育男性提供咨询提供了可操作的数据。
