Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, BELGIUM.
Centre Médical Pédiatrique Clairs Vallons, Louvain-la-Neuve, BELGIUM.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2018 Nov;50(11):2200-2208. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001694.
This study aimed to test whether environmental hypoxia could potentiate the effects of exercise training on glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity.
Fourteen adolescents with obesity were assigned to 6 wk of exercise training either in normoxic or in hypoxic conditions (FiO2 15%). Adolescents trained three times per week for 50-60 min, including endurance and resistance exercises. Oral glucose tolerance test, blood and morphological analyses, and physical performance tests were performed before and after the training period.
After training, hypoxia, but not normoxia, decreased the area under the curve of plasma insulin (-49%; P = 0.001) and glucose levels (-14%; P = 0.005) during oral glucose tolerance test. Decreased plasma triglycerides levels (P = 0.03) and increased maximal aerobic power (P = 0.002), work capacity at 160 bpm (P = 0.002), and carbohydrate consumption during exercise (P = 0.03) were measured only in the hypoxic group.
Hypoxic exercise training was particularly efficient at improving glucose tolerance and insulin response to a glucose challenge in adolescents with obesity. These results suggest that exercise training in hypoxia could be an interesting strategy against insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes development in adolescents with obesity.
本研究旨在测试环境缺氧是否会增强运动训练对葡萄糖代谢和胰岛素敏感性的影响。
将 14 名肥胖青少年分为两组，分别在常氧或低氧条件（FiO2 为 15%）下进行 6 周的运动训练。青少年每周训练 3 次，每次 50-60 分钟，包括耐力和阻力训练。在训练前后进行口服葡萄糖耐量试验、血液和形态学分析以及身体表现测试。
训练后，低氧而非常氧降低了口服葡萄糖耐量试验期间的血浆胰岛素（-49%；P = 0.001）和血糖水平（-14%；P = 0.005）。仅在低氧组中观察到血浆甘油三酯水平降低（P = 0.03）、最大有氧能力增加（P = 0.002）、160 bpm 时的工作能力增加（P = 0.002）和运动期间的碳水化合物消耗增加（P = 0.03）。
低氧运动训练对改善肥胖青少年的葡萄糖耐量和胰岛素对葡萄糖的反应特别有效。这些结果表明，肥胖青少年在低氧环境中进行运动训练可能是一种对抗胰岛素抵抗和 2 型糖尿病发展的有效策略。
