Cole Laura P, Mantis Panagiotis, Humm Karen
1 Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, UK.
2 Dick White Referrals, Newmarket, UK.
J Feline Med Surg. 2019 Jun;21(6):475-480. doi: 10.1177/1098612X18785738. Epub 2018 Jul 6.
The aims of the study were to identify the ultrasonographic findings in cats with acute kidney injury (AKI) and to assess whether they had prognostic value.
This was a descriptive case series. A search of the computerised records of the Queen Mother Hospital for Animals (Hatfield, UK) was performed for cats presenting with AKI between 2007 and 2016. Patients were excluded if they had historical data consistent with chronic kidney disease. Ultrasound images were reviewed for the presence of six renal ultrasonographic abnormalities: nephromegaly, cortical and medullary echogenicity, pyelectasia, and retroperitoneal and peritoneal fluid. Ultrasonographic findings were assessed individually and cumulatively to give an ultrasound score out of 6. Ultrasonographic findings were assessed for association with oligouria/anuria and survival.
Forty-five cats with AKI fulfilled the inclusion criteria. In total, 6.7% (3/45) of cats had normal renal size and architecture. The most common renal ultrasonographic findings were nephromegaly, pyelectasia and increased renal echogenicity. The presence of retroperitoneal fluid was associated with oligouria/anuria. Total ultrasound score (out of 6) was significantly associated with oligouria/anuria and 6 month survival.
Ultrasonographic findings are common in cats presenting with AKI. The increasing number of renal ultrasonographic abnormalities and the presence of retroperitoneal fluid alone are associated with oligouria/anuria and a higher ultrasound score may suggest a poorer long-term prognosis.
本研究旨在确定急性肾损伤（AKI）猫的超声检查结果，并评估这些结果是否具有预后价值。
这是一个描述性病例系列研究。检索了英国哈特菲尔德女王母亲动物医院2007年至2016年间出现AKI的猫的计算机记录。如果患者有与慢性肾病一致的病史数据，则将其排除。对超声图像进行检查，以确定是否存在六种肾脏超声异常：肾肿大、皮质和髓质回声、肾盂积水以及腹膜后和腹腔积液。对超声检查结果进行单独和综合评估，得出满分6分的超声评分。评估超声检查结果与少尿/无尿及生存情况的相关性。
45只患有AKI的猫符合纳入标准。总体而言，6.7%（3/45）的猫肾脏大小和结构正常。最常见的肾脏超声检查结果是肾肿大、肾盂积水和肾脏回声增强。腹膜后积液与少尿/无尿相关。超声总评分（满分6分）与少尿/无尿及6个月生存率显著相关。
超声检查结果在出现AKI的猫中很常见。肾脏超声异常数量的增加以及单独出现腹膜后积液与少尿/无尿相关，较高的超声评分可能提示长期预后较差。
