Clinton Health Access Initiative, PO Box 51071, Ridgeway, Lusaka, Zambia.
Clinton Health Access Initiative, Boston, USA.
BMC Public Health. 2018 Jul 13;18(1):872. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-5780-3.
Road Traffic Crashes (RTCs) are the third highest cause of death in Zambia, claiming about 2000 lives annually, with pedestrians and cyclists being the most vulnerable. Human error accounts for 87.3% of RTCs. Minibus and big bus public service vehicles (PSVs) are among the common vehicle types involved in these crashes. Given the alarmingly high rate of road traffic crashes involving PSV minibuses and big buses within Zambia, there is a need to mitigate this through innovative solutions. In other settings, it has been shown that stickers in PSVs encouraging passengers to speak out against reckless driving can reduce RTCs, but it is unclear whether such an intervention could work in Zambia. Based on this evidence, the Zambia Road Transport and Safety Agency (RTSA) has developed a road safety bus sticker campaign for PSVs and before national scale-up, RTSA is interested in evidence of the impact of these stickers.
This evaluation will be a stratified two-arm randomized controlled trial with a one-to-one ratio. The sample will be stratified by vehicle type, thus creating a two-arm trial for minibuses and a separate two-arm trial for big buses. The sample will include 2110 minibuses and 300 big buses from four towns in Zambia. The primary outcome of interest will be the difference in the rate of RTCs over a 14-month period (7-months before the intervention and 7 months after) between buses with and without the new RTSA road safety bus stickers.
This study will provide evidence on the impact of the Zambian sticker program on road traffic crashes as implemented through minibuses and big buses, that can help inform the scale up of a national 'Zambia road safety bus sticker campaign'.
PACT-R, PACTR201711002758216 . Registered 13 November 2017-Retrospectively registered.
道路交通事故（RTC）是赞比亚第三大死亡原因，每年造成约 2000 人死亡，行人与自行车骑行者是最脆弱的群体。人为错误占 RTC 的 87.3%。小型巴士和大巴公共服务车辆（PSV）是涉及此类事故的常见车辆类型之一。鉴于赞比亚涉及 PSV 小型巴士和大巴的道路交通事故发生率高得惊人，因此需要通过创新解决方案来降低事故率。在其他环境中，已证明 PSV 上鼓励乘客反对鲁莽驾驶的贴纸可以减少 RTC，但尚不清楚这种干预措施是否在赞比亚有效。基于这一证据，赞比亚道路运输和安全局（RTSA）为 PSV 制定了道路安全巴士贴纸宣传活动，在全国范围内推广之前，RTSA 对这些贴纸的影响证据感兴趣。
这将是一项分层两臂随机对照试验，比例为 1:1。将根据车辆类型对样本进行分层，从而为小型巴士创建两臂试验，为大巴创建单独的两臂试验。样本将包括来自赞比亚四个城镇的 2110 辆小型巴士和 300 辆大巴。主要观察指标将是在干预前 7 个月和干预后 7 个月的 14 个月期间，有无新的 RTSA 道路安全巴士贴纸的巴士发生 RTC 的发生率差异。
这项研究将提供有关赞比亚贴纸计划对小型巴士和大巴实施的道路交通事故的影响的证据，这有助于为全国性的“赞比亚道路安全巴士贴纸宣传活动”提供信息。
PACT-R，PACTR201711002758216。于 2017 年 11 月 13 日注册-事后注册。
