Urology section - University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
Urology section - University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
Complement Ther Med. 2018 Aug;39:14-18. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2018.05.002. Epub 2018 May 15.
The aim of this study is to test the association between dietary flavonoids intake and prostate cancer (PCa) in a sample of southern Italian individuals.
A population-based case-control study on the association between PCa and dietary factors was conducted from January 2015 to December 2016, in a single institution.
Patients with elevated PSA (Prostate Specific Antigen) and/or suspicion of PCa underwent transperineal prostate biopsy (≥12 cores). A total of 118 histopathological-verified PCa cases were collected and matched with controls, which were selected from a sample of 2044 individuals randomly recruited among the same reference population. Finally, a total of 222 controls were selected.
Prevalence of PCa.
Consumption of certain groups of flavonoids significantly differed between controls and cases, in particular: flavonols (63.36 vs 37.14 mg/d, P < 0.001), flavanols (107.61 vs. 74.24 mg/d, P = .016), flavanones (40.92 vs. 81.32 mg/d, P < 0.001), catechins (63.36 vs. 36.18 mg/d, P = .006). In the multivariate model, flavanols and flavones were associated with reduced risk of PCa, despite not in the highest quartile of intake. Higher flavonol and catechin intake was consistently associated with reduced risk of PCa (Odds Ratio (OR) = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.06-0.56 and OR = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.04-0.36). In contrast, the highest intake of flavanones was positively associated with PCa.
Flavonols and catechins have proved to be the most promising molecules for a potential protective role against PCa. Nevertheless, further research on flavanones is needed to better establish whether they are associated with PCa.
本研究旨在检测意大利南部人群中饮食类黄酮摄入量与前列腺癌（PCa）之间的关联。
这是一项基于人群的病例对照研究，于 2015 年 1 月至 2016 年 12 月在一家机构进行，旨在研究 PCa 与饮食因素之间的关联。
血清前列腺特异抗原（PSA）升高和/或怀疑患有 PCa 的患者接受经会阴前列腺活检（≥12 针）。共收集了 118 例经组织病理学证实的 PCa 病例，并与对照组匹配，对照组是从同一参考人群中随机招募的 2044 名个体中选取的。最终，共选择了 222 名对照。
PCa 的患病率。
对照组和病例组之间某些类黄酮的摄入量存在显著差异，特别是：黄酮醇（63.36 与 37.14mg/d，P<0.001）、黄烷醇（107.61 与 74.24mg/d，P=0.016）、黄烷酮（40.92 与 81.32mg/d，P<0.001）、儿茶素（63.36 与 36.18mg/d，P=0.006）。在多变量模型中，尽管摄入量未达到最高四分位数，但黄烷醇和黄酮类化合物与 PCa 风险降低相关。较高的黄酮醇和儿茶素摄入量与 PCa 风险降低呈一致性相关（比值比（OR）=0.19，95%可信区间：0.06-0.56 和 OR=0.12，95%可信区间：0.04-0.36）。相反，黄烷酮摄入量最高与 PCa 呈正相关。
黄酮醇和儿茶素已被证明是最有希望的分子，具有潜在的预防 PCa 的作用。然而，需要进一步研究黄烷酮，以更好地确定它们是否与 PCa 相关。
