Elsamanoudy Ayman Zaky, Mohamed Neamat-Allah Moustafa Ahmed, Hisham Mohammad Fatma Azzahra', Hassanien Mohammed, Nada Hoda Ahmed
Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
J Microsc Ultrastruct. 2016 Jul-Sep;4(3):115-122. doi: 10.1016/j.jmau.2016.02.002. Epub 2016 Mar 8.
Nutrition has a predominant and recognizable role in health management. Nutrigenetics is the science that identifies and characterizes gene variants associated with differential response to nutrients and relating this variation to variable disease states especially cancer. This arises from the epidemiological fact that cancer accounts for a high proportion of total morbidity and mortality in adults throughout the world. There is much evidence to support that genetic factors play a key role in the development of cancer; these genetic factors such as DNA instability and gene alterations are affected by nutrition. Nutrition may also lead to aberrant DNA methylation, which in turn contributes to carcinogenesis. The aim of this work is to clarify the basic knowledge about the vital role of nutrition-related genes in various disease states, especially cancer, and to identify nutrigenetics as a new concept that could highlight the relation between nutrition and gene expression. This may help to understand the mechanism and pathogenesis of cancer. The cause of cancer is a complex interplay mechanism of genetic and environmental factors. Dietary nutrient intake is an essential environmental factor and there is a marked variation in cancer development with the same dietary intake between individuals. This could be explained by the variation in their genetic polymorphisms, which leads to emergence of the concept of nutrigenomics and nutrigenetics.
营养在健康管理中具有主要且显著的作用。营养遗传学是一门识别和表征与对营养素的不同反应相关的基因变异，并将这种变异与不同的疾病状态（尤其是癌症）联系起来的科学。这源于一个流行病学事实，即癌症在全世界成年人的总发病率和死亡率中占很高比例。有大量证据支持遗传因素在癌症发展中起关键作用；这些遗传因素，如DNA不稳定性和基因改变，会受到营养的影响。营养还可能导致异常的DNA甲基化，进而促成致癌作用。这项工作的目的是阐明关于营养相关基因在各种疾病状态，尤其是癌症中的重要作用的基础知识，并将营养遗传学确定为一个可以突出营养与基因表达之间关系的新概念。这可能有助于理解癌症的机制和发病原理。癌症的病因是遗传和环境因素的复杂相互作用机制。膳食营养素摄入是一个重要的环境因素，并且在相同的膳食摄入量情况下，个体之间的癌症发展存在显著差异。这可以通过他们基因多态性的差异来解释，这导致了营养基因组学和营养遗传学概念的出现。
