Zhang Jian, Lu Yanqin, Wang Yanzhou, Ren Xiuzhi, Han Jinxiang
Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan, China.
School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Ji'nan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan, China.
Intractable Rare Dis Res. 2018 Aug;7(3):148-155. doi: 10.5582/irdr.2018.01055.
Intestinal microbial flora, known as the second gene pool of the human body, play an important role in immune function, nutrient uptake, and various activities of host cells, as well as in human disease. Intestinal microorganisms are involved in a variety of mechanisms that affect bone health. Gut microbes are closely related to genetic variation, and gene regulation plays an important part in the development of bone-related diseases such as osteoporosis. Intestinal microorganisms can disrupt the balance between bone formation and resorption by indirectly stimulating or inhibiting osteoblasts and osteoclasts. In addition, intestinal microorganisms affect bone metabolism by regulating growth factors or altering bone immune status and can also alter the metabolism of serotonin, cortisol, and sex hormones, thereby affecting bone mass in mice. Moreover, probiotics, antibiotics, and diet can change the composition of the intestinal microbial flora, thus affecting bone health and also potentially helping to treat bone disease. Studying the relationship between intestinal flora and osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells may provide a basis for preventing and treating bone diseases. This paper reviews recent advances in the study of the relationship between intestinal microflora and bone disease.
肠道微生物群被誉为人体的第二基因库，在免疫功能、营养吸收、宿主细胞的各种活动以及人类疾病中发挥着重要作用。肠道微生物参与多种影响骨骼健康的机制。肠道微生物与基因变异密切相关，基因调控在骨质疏松症等骨骼相关疾病的发展中起着重要作用。肠道微生物可通过间接刺激或抑制成骨细胞和破骨细胞来破坏骨形成与吸收之间的平衡。此外，肠道微生物通过调节生长因子或改变骨免疫状态影响骨代谢，还可改变血清素、皮质醇和性激素的代谢，从而影响小鼠的骨量。此外，益生菌、抗生素和饮食可改变肠道微生物群的组成，进而影响骨骼健康，也可能有助于治疗骨病。研究肠道菌群与成骨细胞、破骨细胞和骨髓间充质干细胞之间的关系可能为预防和治疗骨病提供依据。本文综述了肠道微生物群与骨病关系研究的最新进展。
