Institute for Infectious Disease and Endemic Disease Control, Beijing Municipal Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China.
Institute for Infectious Disease and Endemic Disease Control, Beijing Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Beijing, China.
BMC Infect Dis. 2018 Oct 3;18(1):497. doi: 10.1186/s12879-018-3411-3.
Rotavirus is a leading cause of severe diarrheal disease, and one of the common causes of death in children aged under five years old. The dominant epidemic strains may change in different years in the same area. In order to provide evidence for rotavirus epidemic control and inform vaccine development, we analyzed epidemiological patterns and genetic characteristics of rotavirus in Beijing during 2011-2016.
Stool specimens of outpatient children under five years old were collected from three children's hospitals on a weekly basis. Group A rotavirus antigens were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. The partial VP4 genes and VP7 genes of rotavirus were both amplified and sequenced. Genotyping and phylogenetic analyses were performed. Logistic regression and Chi-square tests were performed to determine differences across age groups, districts and years in rotavirus prevalence and genotype distribution.
A total of 3668 stool specimens from children with acute diarrhea identified through hospital-based surveillance were collected from 2011 to 2016 in Beijing. A total of 762 (20.8%) specimens tested positive for rotavirus. The rotavirus-positive rate was highest among the 1-2 years old age group (29.0%, 310/1070). November, December and January were the highest rotavirus-positive rate months each year. G9 was the most common G genotype (64.4%, 461/716), and P [8] was the most common P genotype (87.0%, 623/716) among the 716 rotavirus-positive specimens. G9P [8], G3P [8] and G2P [4] were the most common strains. The rotavirus-positive rates of samples in 2012 and 2013 were higher than that in 2011, and the dominant genotype changed from G3P [8] to G9P [8] in 2012 and 2013. VP7 gene sequences of G9 strains in this study clustered into two main lineages. Most of the G9 strains exhibited the highest nucleotide similarity (99.1%~ 100.0%) to the strain found in Japan (MI1128). VP4 gene sequences of P [8] strains were almost P[8]b.
Rotavirus accounted for more than one fifth of childhood diarrhea in Beijing during the study period. Targeted measures such as immunization with effective rotavirus vaccines should be carried out to reduce the morbidity and mortality due to rotavirus.
轮状病毒是导致严重腹泻的主要原因之一，也是五岁以下儿童死亡的常见原因之一。在同一地区，优势流行株可能会在不同年份发生变化。为了为轮状病毒的流行控制提供依据并为疫苗的开发提供信息，我们分析了 2011-2016 年北京轮状病毒的流行病学模式和遗传特征。
每周从三家儿童医院采集五岁以下门诊患儿的粪便标本。采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）试剂盒检测轮状病毒 A 组抗原。扩增和测序轮状病毒的部分 VP4 基因和 VP7 基因。进行基因分型和系统发育分析。采用 logistic 回归和卡方检验分析轮状病毒流行率和基因型分布在不同年龄组、不同地区和不同年份的差异。
2011 年至 2016 年，通过医院监测共收集了 3668 份来自急性腹泻儿童的粪便标本。共有 762 份（20.8%）标本检测出轮状病毒阳性。1-2 岁年龄组轮状病毒阳性率最高（29.0%，310/1070）。每年 11 月、12 月和 1 月轮状病毒阳性率最高。716 份轮状病毒阳性标本中 G9 是最常见的 G 基因型（64.4%，461/716），P[8]是最常见的 P 基因型（87.0%，623/716）。G9P[8]、G3P[8]和 G2P[4]是最常见的株。2012 年和 2013 年的轮状病毒阳性率高于 2011 年，2012 年和 2013 年的优势基因型由 G3P[8]变为 G9P[8]。本研究中 G9 株的 VP7 基因序列分为两个主要分支。大多数 G9 株与日本（MI1128）发现的株具有最高的核苷酸相似性（99.1%~100.0%）。P[8]株的 VP4 基因序列几乎都是 P[8]b。
轮状病毒在研究期间占北京儿童腹泻的五分之一以上。应采取有针对性的措施，如接种有效的轮状病毒疫苗，以降低轮状病毒引起的发病率和死亡率。
