Yu Angus P, Ugwu Felix N, Tam Bjorn T, Lee Paul H, Lai Christopher W, Wong Cesar S C, Lam Wendy W, Sheridan Sinead, Siu Parco M
School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.
Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong.
Front Physiol. 2018 Sep 20;9:1321. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01321. eCollection 2018.
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a multiplex cardiometabolic manifestation associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Yoga training has been shown to alleviate MetS. Recently, circulatory ghrelin profile was demonstrated to be associated with MetS. This study examined the effects of 1 year of yoga training on β-cell function and insulin resistance, and the involvement of metabolic peptides, including unacylated ghrelin (UnAG), acylated ghrelin (AG), obestatin, growth hormone (GH), and insulin, in the beneficial effects of yoga training in centrally obese adults with MetS. This was a follow up study, in which data of risk factors of MetS, physical performance tests [resting heart rate (HR), chair stand test (CS), chair sit and reach test (CSR), back scratch test (BS), and single leg stand tests (SLS)] and serum samples of 79 centrally obese MetS subjects aged 58 ± 8 years (39 subjects received 1-year yoga training and 40 subjects received no training) were retrieved for analyses. β-cell function and insulin resistance were examined by Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA). Circulating levels of UnAG, AG, obestatin, GH, and insulin were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using fasting serum samples. Generalized estimating equation analysis and Mann-Whitney -test were used to detect statistically significant differences between groups. Waist circumference (WC) was significantly decreased after yoga intervention (control: +2%; yoga: -4%). Significant improvements in HR (control: +2%; yoga: -5%), CS (control: -1%; yoga: +24%), CSR left (control: worsen by 0.90 cm; yoga: improved by 4.21 cm), CSR right (control: worsen by 0.75 cm; yoga: improved by 4.28 cm), right side of BS (control: improved by 0.19 cm; yoga: improved by 4.31 cm), SLS left (control: -10%; yoga: +86%), and SLS right (control: -6%; yoga: +47%) were observed after 1-year yoga training. No significant difference was found between the two groups in insulin, HOMA indices, and disposition index. Yoga training significantly increased circulating GH (control: -3%; yoga: +22%), total circulating ghrelin (control: -26%; yoga: +13%), and UnAG (control: -27%; yoga: +14%), whereas decreased AG (control: -7%; yoga: -33%) and obestatin (control: +24%; yoga: -29%). One-year of yoga training modulated total ghrelin, UnAG, AG, obestatin, and GH while exerting beneficial effects on physical functions and central obesity in adults with MetS. The beneficial effects of yoga may be associated with the alteration of ghrelin gene product and GH.
代谢综合征（MetS）是一种与2型糖尿病和心血管疾病相关的复合性心脏代谢表现。瑜伽训练已被证明可缓解代谢综合征。最近，循环中胃饥饿素水平被证明与代谢综合征有关。本研究探讨了1年瑜伽训练对β细胞功能和胰岛素抵抗的影响，以及包括去酰基胃饥饿素（UnAG）、酰基化胃饥饿素（AG）、肥胖抑制素、生长激素（GH）和胰岛素在内的代谢肽在瑜伽训练对患有代谢综合征的中心性肥胖成年人的有益作用中的参与情况。这是一项随访研究，收集了79名年龄为58±8岁的中心性肥胖代谢综合征受试者（39名受试者接受了1年的瑜伽训练，40名受试者未接受训练）的代谢综合征危险因素数据、身体性能测试[静息心率（HR）、椅子站立测试（CS）、椅子坐立前屈测试（CSR）、背部抓挠测试（BS）和单腿站立测试（SLS）]以及血清样本进行分析。通过稳态模型评估（HOMA）来检测β细胞功能和胰岛素抵抗。使用空腹血清样本通过酶联免疫吸附测定法测定循环中UnAG,、AG、肥胖抑制素、GH和胰岛素的水平。采用广义估计方程分析和曼-惠特尼检验来检测组间的统计学显著差异。瑜伽干预后腰围（WC）显著降低（对照组：增加2%；瑜伽组：降低4%）。瑜伽训练1年后，HR（对照组：增加2%；瑜伽组：降低5%）、CS（对照组：降低1%；瑜伽组：增加24%）、CSR左侧（对照组：恶化0.90厘米；瑜伽组：改善4.21厘米）、CSR右侧（对照组：恶化0.75厘米；瑜伽组：改善4.28厘米）、BS右侧（对照组：改善：0.19厘米；瑜伽组：改善4.31厘米）、SLS左侧（对照组：降低10%；瑜伽组：增加86%）和SLS右侧（对照组：降低6%；瑜伽组：增加47%）均有显著改善。两组在胰岛素、HOMA指数和处置指数方面未发现显著差异。瑜伽训练显著增加了循环中的GH（对照组：降低3%；瑜伽组：增加22%）、总循环胃饥饿素（对照组：降低26%；瑜伽组：增加13%）和UnAG（对照组：降低27%；瑜伽组：增加14%），而AG（对照组：降低7%；瑜伽组：降低33%）和肥胖抑制素（对照组：增加24%；瑜伽组：降低29%）则降低。1年的瑜伽训练调节了总胃饥饿素、UnAG、AG、肥胖抑制素和GH，同时对患有代谢综合征的成年人的身体功能和中心性肥胖产生了有益影响。瑜伽的有益作用可能与胃饥饿素基因产物和GH的改变有关。
