Rogers Todd, Brown Elizabeth M, McCrae Tarsha M, Gammon Doris G, Eggers Matthew E, Watson Kimberly, Engstrom Martha C, Tworek Cindy, Holder-Hayes Enver, Nonnemaker James
Center for Health Policy Science and Tobacco Research, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC.
Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD.
Tob Regul Sci. 2017;3(2 Suppl 1):S84-S93. doi: 10.18001/TRS.3.2(Suppl1).9. Epub 2017 Apr 1.
We assessed the effect of the New York City (NYC) policy restricting sales of flavored non-cigarette tobacco products on retail sales using a quasi-experimental comparison design. We also studied possible cross-border purchasing and product substitution by consumers.
We compiled retail scanner data for January 2010-January 2014 for NYC, a proximal comparison area (PCA) surrounding NYC, and the US. We used regression models to assess trends in sales of flavored cigars, smokeless tobacco (SLT), loose tobacco (RYO), and total cigars in all areas.
Sales of flavored cigars (-22.3%), SLT (-97.6%), and RYO (-42.5%) declined following policy implementation (all p < .01). Flavored cigar sales declined nonsignificantly in the comparison areas. An average 7.4% reduction in total cigar sales was seen in NYC following the policy (p < .01), as cigar sales increased 12% nationally, suggesting that NYC consumers did not substitute flavored cigars with non-flavored varieties.
Implementation of the NYC policy was associated with significant reductions in sales of all restricted products, both absolutely and relative to comparison areas. Despite persistent sales of flavored cigars, overall cigar sales in NYC declined following the policy, although more intensive enforcement is needed to ensure greater policy compliance.
我们采用准实验比较设计，评估纽约市（NYC）限制调味非卷烟烟草制品销售的政策对零售额的影响。我们还研究了消费者可能的跨境购买和产品替代情况。
我们收集了2010年1月至2014年1月纽约市、纽约市周边的近端比较区域（PCA）以及美国的零售扫描数据。我们使用回归模型评估所有区域中调味雪茄、无烟烟草（SLT）、散烟（RYO）和雪茄总销量的趋势。
政策实施后，调味雪茄（-22.3%）、无烟烟草（-97.6%）和散烟（-42.5%）的销量下降（所有p<.01）。比较区域中调味雪茄的销量下降不显著。政策实施后，纽约市雪茄总销量平均下降了7.4%（p<.01），而全国范围内雪茄销量增长了12%，这表明纽约市的消费者没有用无味雪茄替代调味雪茄。
纽约市政策的实施与所有受限产品的销量显著下降相关，无论是绝对销量还是相对于比较区域的销量。尽管调味雪茄仍有销售，但纽约市的雪茄总销量在政策实施后有所下降，不过需要更严格的执法来确保更高的政策合规性。
