Braudt David B
Department of Sociology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Sociol Compass. 2018 Oct;12(10). doi: 10.1111/soc4.12626. Epub 2018 Sep 4.
This article reviews research at the intersection of genetics and sociology and provides an introduction to the current data, methods, and theories used in sociogenomic research. To accomplish this, I review behavioral genetics models, candidate gene analysis, genome-wide complex trait analysis, and the use of polygenic scores (sometimes referred to as polygenic risk scores) in the study of complex human behaviors and traits. The information provided is meant to equip readers with the necessary tools to: (1) understand the methodology employed by each type of analysis, (2) intelligently interpret findings from sociogenomic research, and (3) understand the importance of sociologists in the ever-growing field of sociogenomics. To unify these three tasks, I rely on various examples from recent sociogenomic analyses of educational attainment focusing on social stratification and inequality.
本文回顾了遗传学与社会学交叉领域的研究，并介绍了社会基因组学研究中使用的当前数据、方法和理论。为实现这一目标，我回顾了行为遗传学模型、候选基因分析、全基因组复杂性状分析，以及多基因分数（有时称为多基因风险分数）在复杂人类行为和性状研究中的应用。所提供的信息旨在为读者提供必要的工具，以便：（1）理解每种分析类型所采用的方法，（2）明智地解释社会基因组学研究的结果，以及（3）理解社会学家在不断发展的社会基因组学领域中的重要性。为了统一这三项任务，我借鉴了最近关于教育成就的社会基因组分析中的各种例子，重点关注社会分层和不平等。
