Olivier Nicolas, Daussin Frédéric N
Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, EA 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000 Lille, France.
J Hum Kinet. 2018 Oct 15;64:5-11. doi: 10.1515/hukin-2017-0181. eCollection 2018 Sep.
Swimming and throwing are involved in water-polo player performance. These movements have a common biomechanical basis in the use of the internal shoulder rotation and adductor muscles. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between shoulder isokinetic evaluation and throwing velocity as well as swimming performance in female water-polo players. Fifteen high level water-polo players completed two isokinetic shoulder evaluations to determine peak torque of shoulder rotators of the dominant shoulder (concentric and eccentric movements at an angular velocity of 60°·s-1 and concentric movements at an angular velocity of 240°·s-1) and shoulder extensors of both arms (concentric movements at an angular velocity of 60°·s-1 and 240°·s-1). Throwing velocity was measured using a radar gun placed 5 m behind the goal post. Front crawl swimming velocity was determined at 25 m, 100 m and 400 m distances. Concentric peak torque at 60°·s-1 and 240°·s-1 of internal rotators and eccentric peak torque at 60°·s-1 of external rotators were predictors of throwing velocity. The best model to explain the relationship between isokinetic evaluations and throwing velocity was obtained with concentric IR peak torque at 60°·s-1 and eccentric ER peak torque at 60°·s-1 (r2 = 0.52, p = 0.012). Relative total work done and peak torque of shoulder extensors were predictors of 25 m swimming velocity. Shoulder isokinetic evaluations correlate significantly with swimming performance and throwing velocity of female water-polo players. The results may help coaches to develop new strategies such as eccentric dry land training programs to increase both shoulder external rotators strength and throwing velocity.
游泳和投掷动作参与了水球运动员的表现。这些动作在使用肩部内旋和内收肌方面有共同的生物力学基础。本研究的目的是评估女性水球运动员肩部等速评估与投掷速度以及游泳表现之间的关系。15名高水平水球运动员完成了两次等速肩部评估，以确定优势肩的肩部旋转肌的峰值扭矩（角速度为60°·s-1时的向心和离心运动以及角速度为240°·s-1时的向心运动）和双臂的肩部伸肌的峰值扭矩（角速度为60°·s-1和240°·s-1时的向心运动）。使用放置在球门柱后方5米处的雷达枪测量投掷速度。在25米、100米和400米距离处测定自由泳速度。内旋肌在60°·s-1和240°·s-1时的向心峰值扭矩以及外旋肌在60°·s-1时的离心峰值扭矩是投掷速度的预测指标。用60°·s-1时的内旋向心峰值扭矩和60°·s-1时的外旋离心峰值扭矩获得了解释等速评估与投掷速度之间关系的最佳模型（r2 = 0.52，p = 0.012）。肩部伸肌的相对总功和峰值扭矩是25米游泳速度的预测指标。女性水球运动员的肩部等速评估与游泳表现和投掷速度显著相关。这些结果可能有助于教练制定新的策略，如离心陆地训练计划，以增加肩部外旋肌力量和投掷速度。
