Kim Ahlee, Shah Amy S, Nakamura Takahisa
Division of Endocrinology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
Children (Basel). 2018 Nov 15;5(11):152. doi: 10.3390/children5110152.
Childhood obesity continues to be a major public health concern. Obesity causes various metabolic complications, including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease. However, currently, we have a limited understanding of the pathophysiology in the development of these processes. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized vesicles secreted by different cell types that travel to various organ systems carrying molecular and genetic information. These vesicles have been proposed as a novel intercellular communication mode in systemic metabolic regulation and in several pathophysiologic processes. In particular, recent studies indicate that EVs play a critical role in the pathogenesis of obesity and its metabolic complications. In this study, we reviewed the current literature that supports the role of EVs in the regulation of metabolic homeostasis and pathogenesis of obesity and its associated metabolic complications, with a short discussion about future directions in the EV research field.
儿童肥胖仍然是一个主要的公共卫生问题。肥胖会引发各种代谢并发症，包括胰岛素抵抗、2型糖尿病（T2DM）、非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）、血脂异常和心血管疾病。然而，目前我们对这些过程发生发展的病理生理学了解有限。细胞外囊泡（EVs）是由不同细胞类型分泌的纳米级囊泡，它们携带分子和遗传信息，前往各个器官系统。这些囊泡被认为是全身代谢调节和多种病理生理过程中一种新型的细胞间通讯方式。特别是，最近的研究表明，细胞外囊泡在肥胖及其代谢并发症的发病机制中起关键作用。在本研究中，我们回顾了当前支持细胞外囊泡在代谢稳态调节以及肥胖及其相关代谢并发症发病机制中作用的文献，并简要讨论了细胞外囊泡研究领域的未来方向。
