Elmore Susan A, Cardiff Robert, Cesta Mark F, Gkoutos Georgios V, Hoehndorf Robert, Keenan Charlotte M, McKerlie Colin, Schofield Paul N, Sundberg John P, Ward Jerrold M
Susan A. Elmore, MS, DVM, DCVP, DABT, FIATP, is NTP Pathologist and Staff Scientist at the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences in the Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Robert D. Cardiff, MD, PhD, is Distinguished Professor of Pathology, Emeritus at the UCD Center for Comparative Medicine, University of California, and the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Davis, in Davis, California. Mark F. Cesta, DVM, PhD, DACVP, is NTP Pathologist and Staff Scientist, leading the effort for establishment of the online NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas at the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences in the Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Georgios V. Gkoutos, PhD, DIC, is Professor of Clinical Bioinformatics at College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences Centre for Computational Biology, University of Birmingham in Birmingham, United Kingdom. Robert Hoehndorf, PhD, is Assistant Professor in Computer Science at the Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, Computational Bioscience Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology in Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Charlotte M. Keenan, VMD, DACVP, is a principle consultant at C.M. ToxPath Consulting in Doylestown, Pennsylvania, USA and leads the international STP effort for the publication of the harmonization of nomenclature and diagnostic criteria (INHAND) in toxicologic pathology. Colin McKerlie, DVM, DVSc, MRCVS, is a senior associate scientist in the Translational Medicine Research Program at The Hospital for Sick Children and a Professor in the Department of Pathobiology & Laboratory Medicine in the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Paul N. Schofield, MA DPhil, is the University Reader in Biomedical Informatics at the Department of Physiology, Development & Neuroscience, University of Cambridge in Cambridge, United Kingdom and is also an adjunct professor at The Jackson Laboratory in Bar Harbor, Maine. John P. Sundberg, DVM, PhD, DACVP, is a professor at The Jackson Laboratory in Bar Harbor, Maine. Jerrold M. Ward, DVM, PhD, DACVP, FIATP, is a special volunteer at the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, MD and is also Adjunct Faculty at The Jackson Laboratory in Bar Harbor, Maine.
ILAR J. 2018 Dec 1;59(1):29-39. doi: 10.1093/ilar/ily005.
The need for international collaboration in rodent pathology has evolved since the 1970s and was initially driven by the new field of toxicologic pathology. First initiated by the World Health Organization's International Agency for Research on Cancer for rodents, it has evolved to include pathology of the major species (rats, mice, guinea pigs, nonhuman primates, pigs, dogs, fish, rabbits) used in medical research, safety assessment, and mouse pathology. The collaborative effort today is driven by the needs of the regulatory agencies in multiple countries, and by needs of research involving genetically engineered animals, for "basic" research and for more translational preclinical models of human disease. These efforts led to the establishment of an international rodent pathology nomenclature program. Since that time, multiple collaborations for standardization of laboratory animal pathology nomenclature and diagnostic criteria have been developed, and just a few are described herein. Recently, approaches to a nomenclature that is amenable to sophisticated computation have been made available and implemented for large-scale programs in functional genomics and aging. Most terminologies continue to evolve as the science of human and veterinary pathology continues to develop, but standardization and successful implementation remain critical for scientific communication now as ever in the history of veterinary nosology.
自20世纪70年代以来，啮齿动物病理学领域对国际合作的需求不断演变，最初是由毒理病理学这一新领域推动的。该合作最初由世界卫生组织国际癌症研究机构发起，针对啮齿动物展开，后来发展到涵盖医学研究、安全评估及小鼠病理学中使用的主要物种（大鼠、小鼠、豚鼠、非人灵长类动物、猪、狗、鱼、兔子）的病理学。如今的合作努力是由多个国家监管机构的需求以及涉及基因工程动物的研究需求驱动的，这些研究包括“基础”研究以及更多人类疾病的转化临床前模型研究。这些努力促成了一项国际啮齿动物病理学术语命名计划的建立。自那时起，已经开展了多项关于实验动物病理学术语命名和诊断标准标准化的合作，本文仅介绍其中的几项。最近，适用于复杂计算的术语命名方法已经出现，并在功能基因组学和衰老的大规模项目中得到应用。随着人类和兽医病理学的不断发展，大多数术语仍在持续演变，但标准化和成功实施对于科学交流而言，在兽医疾病分类学历史上的任何时候都同样至关重要。
