Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2019 Jan;27(1):50-58. doi: 10.1002/oby.22345.
This study aimed to compare intermittent fasting (IF) versus continuous energy intakes at 100% or 70% of calculated energy requirements on insulin sensitivity, cardiometabolic risk, body weight, and composition.
Women with overweight (n = 88; 50 ± 1 years, BMI 32.3 ± 0.5 kg/m ) were randomized to one of four diets (IF70, IF100, dietary restriction [DR70], or control) in a 2:2:2:1 ratio for 8 weeks. IF groups fasted for 24 hours after breakfast on three nonconsecutive days per week. All foods were provided and diets matched for macronutrient composition (35% fat, 15% protein, 50% carbohydrate). Insulin sensitivity by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, weight, body composition, and plasma markers were assessed following a "fed" day (12-hour fast) and a 24-hour fast (IF only).
IF70 displayed greater reductions in weight, fat mass, total- and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and nonesterified fatty acids compared with DR70 and IF100 (all P ≤ 0.05). IF100 lost more weight and fat than control. However, fasting insulin was increased. There were no group differences in insulin sensitivity by clamp; however, a 24-hour fast transiently reduced insulin sensitivity.
When prescribed at matched energy restriction, IF reduced weight and fat mass and improved total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol more than DR. IF prescribed in energy balance did not improve health compared with other groups, despite modest weight loss.
本研究旨在比较间歇性禁食（IF）与 100%或 70%计算能量需求的连续能量摄入对胰岛素敏感性、心脏代谢风险、体重和组成的影响。
超重女性（n=88；50±1 岁，BMI 32.3±0.5 kg/m ）按 2:2:2:1 的比例随机分为四组饮食（IF70、IF100、饮食限制[DR70]或对照组），持续 8 周。IF 组每周在三天的非连续日中，在早餐后禁食 24 小时。所有食物都提供，饮食的宏量营养素组成（35%脂肪、15%蛋白质、50%碳水化合物）相匹配。在“进食”日（12 小时禁食）和 24 小时禁食（仅 IF）后，通过高胰岛素-正常血糖钳夹评估胰岛素敏感性、体重、身体成分和血浆标志物。
IF70 与 DR70 和 IF100 相比，体重、脂肪量、总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇以及非酯化脂肪酸的降低更为明显（均 P≤0.05）。IF100 比对照组体重和脂肪量减少更多。然而，空腹胰岛素增加。通过钳夹试验，各组之间的胰岛素敏感性没有差异；然而，24 小时禁食会短暂降低胰岛素敏感性。
在能量限制相匹配的情况下，IF 比 DR 更能减轻体重和脂肪量，改善总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇。在能量平衡下，IF 与其他组相比并没有改善健康状况，尽管体重有适度减轻。
