McCarthy D A, Dale M M
School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary College, London, England.
Sports Med. 1988 Dec;6(6):333-63. doi: 10.2165/00007256-198806060-00002.
Exercise is known to induce an immediate leucocytosis, the magnitude of which is related, in most instances, to the intensity and duration of the work. On finishing exercise, however, the leucocyte count may change in any one of several different ways. The pattern of postexercise changes in the leucocyte count is determined mainly by the time which has elapsed since beginning exercise, rather than the work intensity or the total work done, if, for example, exercise has been intermittent. Consideration of, firstly, the circumstances under which the plasma concentrations of catecholamines and cortisol have been found separately to correlate with the leucocyte count at the finish of exercise, and, secondly, the effects on the leucocyte count of exogenous administration of these substances has led us to develop a model which can satisfactorily account for all of the principal changes in the leucocyte count that have been noted during and after exercise. It is proposed that catecholamines produced during exercise act to increase the ratio of circulating to non-circulating leucocytes, while cortisol acts, by a mechanism which involves a time lag, to increase the total number of leucocytes in the vascular compartment. Examination of previously published reports shows that many contain results which support this model. Using the model as a basis, some predictions are made that can be tested experimentally, and some experiments are suggested which should help elucidate the mode of action of catecholamines and cortisol.
众所周知，运动可立即引起白细胞增多，在大多数情况下，其增多幅度与运动强度和持续时间有关。然而，运动结束后，白细胞计数可能会以几种不同方式中的任何一种发生变化。运动后白细胞计数的变化模式主要取决于自运动开始后所经过的时间，而非运动强度或总运动量（例如，如果运动是间歇性的）。首先考虑分别发现儿茶酚胺和皮质醇的血浆浓度与运动结束时白细胞计数相关的情况，其次考虑外源性给予这些物质对白细胞计数的影响，这使我们建立了一个模型，该模型能够令人满意地解释运动期间及运动后所观察到的白细胞计数的所有主要变化。有人提出，运动期间产生的儿茶酚胺作用是增加循环白细胞与非循环白细胞的比例，而皮质醇则通过一种存在时间滞后的机制作用于增加血管腔室中白细胞的总数。对先前发表的报告进行审查表明，许多报告包含支持该模型的结果。以该模型为基础，做出了一些可通过实验进行检验的预测，并提出了一些有助于阐明儿茶酚胺和皮质醇作用方式的实验。
