Leidos Inc., Atlanta, GA; Assessment Branch, Immunization Service Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.
Assessment Branch, Immunization Service Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.
J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2019 Jun;20(6):718-724. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2018.11.029. Epub 2019 Jan 30.
Influenza vaccination of healthcare personnel working in long-term care (LTC) facilities can reduce influenza-related morbidity and mortality among healthcare personnel and among resident populations who are at increased risk for complications from influenza and who may respond poorly to vaccination. The objective of this study was to investigate workplace interventions and healthcare personnel vaccination-related attitudes associated with higher influenza vaccination coverage among healthcare personnel working in LTC facilities.
Data were obtained from an online survey of healthcare personnel conducted in April 2016 among a nonprobability sample of 2258 healthcare personnel recruited from 2 preexisting national opt-in Internet panels. Respondents were asked about influenza vaccination status, workplace vaccination policies and interventions, and their attitudes toward vaccination. Analyses were restricted to the 332 healthcare personnel who worked in nursing homes, assisted living facilities, or other LTC facilities.
Logistic regression models were used to assess the independent associations between each workplace intervention and higher influenza vaccination coverage compared with referent levels, controlling for occupation, age, and race/ethnicity. Prevalence ratios were calculated under the assumption of simple random sampling.
Approximately 77% of healthcare personnel working in LTC facilities reported receiving influenza vaccination in the 2015‒2016 influenza season. Influenza vaccination was independently associated with an employer vaccination requirement (prevalence ratio (PR) [95% confidence interval] = 1.28 [1.11, 1.47]), being offered free onsite vaccination (PR = 1.20 [1.04, 1.39]), and employers publicizing vaccination coverage level to employees (PR = 1.24 [1.09, 1.41]). Vaccination was most highly associated with a combination of 3 or more workplace interventions. Most healthcare personnel working in LTC facilities reported positive attitudes toward the safety and effectiveness of influenza vaccination.
CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS: Implementing employer vaccination interventions in LTC facilities, including employer vaccination requirements and free on-site influenza vaccination that is actively promoted, could increase influenza vaccination among healthcare personnel.
在长期护理（LTC）机构工作的医护人员接种流感疫苗，可以降低医护人员和流感并发症风险较高的居民人群的发病率和死亡率，这些人群可能对疫苗接种反应不佳。本研究的目的是调查与 LTC 机构医护人员流感疫苗接种相关的工作场所干预措施和态度，这些措施和态度与提高医护人员的流感疫苗接种覆盖率有关。
数据来自于 2016 年 4 月对通过两个预先存在的全国参与式互联网面板招募的 2258 名医护人员进行的在线调查。调查对象被问及流感疫苗接种状况、工作场所疫苗接种政策和干预措施以及他们对疫苗接种的态度。分析仅限于在疗养院、辅助生活设施或其他 LTC 机构工作的 332 名医护人员。
使用逻辑回归模型评估与参照水平相比，每种工作场所干预措施与更高的流感疫苗接种覆盖率之间的独立关联，控制职业、年龄和种族/族裔。在简单随机抽样的假设下计算患病率比。
约 77%在 LTC 机构工作的医护人员报告在 2015-2016 流感季节接种了流感疫苗。接种流感疫苗与雇主的疫苗接种要求（患病率比（PR）[95%置信区间] = 1.28 [1.11, 1.47]）、提供免费的现场疫苗接种（PR = 1.20 [1.04, 1.39]）和雇主向员工公布疫苗接种覆盖率水平（PR = 1.24 [1.09, 1.41]）独立相关。接种疫苗与 3 种或更多工作场所干预措施的组合关系最为密切。大多数在 LTC 机构工作的医护人员对流感疫苗的安全性和有效性持积极态度。
结论/意义：在 LTC 机构实施雇主疫苗接种干预措施，包括雇主疫苗接种要求和积极推广的免费现场流感疫苗接种，可以提高医护人员的流感疫苗接种率。
