Rajao Daniela S, Vincent Amy L, Perez Daniel R
Department of Population Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.
Virus and Prion Research Unit, USDA-ARS, National Animal Disease Center, Ames, IA, United States.
Front Vet Sci. 2019 Jan 22;5:347. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2018.00347. eCollection 2018.
A large diversity of influenza A viruses (IAV) within the H1N1/N2 and H3N2 subtypes circulates in pigs globally, with different lineages predominating in specific regions of the globe. A common characteristic of the ecology of IAV in swine in different regions is the periodic spillover of human seasonal viruses. Such human viruses resulted in sustained transmission in swine in several countries, leading to the establishment of novel IAV lineages in the swine host and contributing to the genetic and antigenic diversity of influenza observed in pigs. In this review we discuss the frequent occurrence of reverse-zoonosis of IAV from humans to pigs that have contributed to the global viral diversity in swine in a continuous manner, describe host-range factors that may be related to the adaptation of these human-origin viruses to pigs, and how these events could affect the swine industry.
H1N1/N2和H3N2亚型的多种甲型流感病毒（IAV）在全球猪群中传播，不同谱系在全球特定地区占主导地位。不同地区猪群中IAV生态学的一个共同特征是人类季节性病毒的周期性溢出。此类人类病毒在多个国家的猪群中持续传播，导致在猪宿主中建立了新的IAV谱系，并促成了猪流感在遗传和抗原方面的多样性。在本综述中，我们讨论了IAV从人类到猪的反向人畜共患病频繁发生，这持续促成了全球猪群中的病毒多样性，描述了可能与这些源自人类的病毒适应猪有关的宿主范围因素，以及这些事件如何影响养猪业。
