Kuang Muyu, Tao Xiaoting, Peng Yizhou, Zhang Wenjing, Pan Yafang, Cheng Lei, Yuan Chongze, Zhao Yue, Mao Hengyu, Zhuge Lingdun, Zhou Zhenhua, Chen Haiquan, Sun Yihua
1Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
2Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Clin Proteomics. 2019 Feb 2;16:5. doi: 10.1186/s12014-019-9225-5. eCollection 2019.
It is difficult to distinguish benign pulmonary nodules (PNs) from malignant PNs by conventional examination. Therefore, novel biomarkers that can identify the nature of PNs are needed. Exosomes have recently been identified as an attractive alternative approach since tumor-specific molecules can be found in exosomes isolated from biological fluids.
Plasma exosomes were extracted via the exoEasy reagent method. The major proteins from plasma exosomes in patients with PNs were identified via labelfree analysis and screened for differentially expressed proteins. A GO classification analysis and KEGG pathway analysis were performed on plasma exosomal protein from patients with benign and malignant PNs.
Western blot confirmed that protein expression of CD63 and CD9 could be detected in the exosome extract. Via a search of the human Uniprot database, 736 plasma exosome proteins from patients with PNs were detected using high-confidence peptides. There were 33 differentially expressed proteins in the benign and malignant PNs. Of these, 12 proteins were only expressed in the benign PNs group, while 9 proteins were only expressed in the malignant PNs group. We further obtained important information on signaling pathways and nodal proteins related to differential benign and malignant PNs via bioinformatic analysis methods such as GO, KEGG, and String.
This study provides a new perspective on the identification of novel detection strategies for benign and malignant PNs. We hope our findings can provide clues for the identification of benign and malignant PNs.
通过传统检查难以区分良性肺结节（PNs）和恶性PNs。因此，需要能够识别PNs性质的新型生物标志物。外泌体最近被认为是一种有吸引力的替代方法，因为在从生物流体中分离出的外泌体中可以发现肿瘤特异性分子。
通过exoEasy试剂法提取血浆外泌体。通过无标记分析鉴定PNs患者血浆外泌体中的主要蛋白质，并筛选差异表达蛋白。对良性和恶性PNs患者的血浆外泌体蛋白进行基因本体（GO）分类分析和京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）通路分析。
蛋白质免疫印迹法证实外泌体提取物中可检测到CD63和CD9的蛋白表达。通过搜索人类通用蛋白质数据库（Uniprot），使用高可信度肽段检测到PNs患者的736种血浆外泌体蛋白。良性和恶性PNs中有33种差异表达蛋白。其中，12种蛋白仅在良性PNs组中表达，而9种蛋白仅在恶性PNs组中表达。我们通过GO、KEGG和String等生物信息学分析方法进一步获得了与良性和恶性PNs差异相关的信号通路和节点蛋白的重要信息。
本研究为识别良性和恶性PNs的新型检测策略提供了新的视角。我们希望我们的发现能够为良性和恶性PNs的识别提供线索。
