Hua Jessica P Y, Karcher Nicole R, Merrill Anne M, O'Brien Kathleen J, Straub Kelsey T, Trull Timothy J, Kerns John G
Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci. 2019 Aug;19(4):998-1011. doi: 10.3758/s13415-019-00698-z.
Psychosis is linked to aberrant salience or to viewing neutral stimuli as self-relevant, suggesting a possible impairment in self-relevance processing. Psychosis is also associated with increased dopamine in the dorsal striatum, especially the anterior caudate (Kegeles et al., 2010). Critically, the anterior caudate is especially connected to (a) the cortical default mode network (DMN), centrally involved in self-relevance processing, and (b) to a lesser extent, the cortical frontoparietal network (FPN; Choi, Yeo, & Buckner, 2012). However, no previous study has directly examined striatal-cortical DMN connectivity in psychosis risk. In Study 1, we examined resting-state functional connectivity in psychosis risk (n = 18) and control (n = 19) groups between (a) striatal DMN and FPN subregions and (b) cortical DMN and FPN. The psychosis risk group exhibited decreased connectivity between the striatal subregions and the cortical DMN. In contrast, the psychosis risk group exhibited intact connectivity between the striatal subregions and the cortical FPN. Additionally, recent distress was also associated with decreased striatal-cortical DMN connectivity. In Study 2, to determine whether the decreased striatal-cortical DMN connectivity was specific to psychosis risk or was related to recent distress more generally, we examined the relationship between connectivity and distress in individuals diagnosed with nonpsychotic emotional distress disorders (N = 25). In contrast to Study 1, here we found that distress was associated with evidence of increased striatal-cortical DMN connectivity. Overall, the present results suggest that decreased striatal-cortical DMN connectivity is associated with psychosis risk and could contribute to aberrant salience.
精神病与异常突显或将中性刺激视为与自身相关联有关，这表明自我相关性处理可能存在损害。精神病还与背侧纹状体尤其是前尾状核中的多巴胺增加有关（凯格莱斯等人，2010年）。至关重要的是，前尾状核特别与（a）在自我相关性处理中起核心作用的皮质默认模式网络（DMN）以及（b）在较小程度上与皮质额顶网络（FPN；崔、杨和巴克纳，2012年）相连。然而，之前没有研究直接考察过精神病风险中的纹状体 - 皮质DMN连接性。在研究1中，我们考察了精神病风险组（n = 18）和对照组（n = 19）在（a）纹状体DMN和FPN子区域之间以及（b）皮质DMN和FPN之间的静息态功能连接性。精神病风险组在纹状体子区域和皮质DMN之间的连接性降低。相比之下，精神病风险组在纹状体子区域和皮质FPN之间的连接性保持完好。此外，近期的痛苦也与纹状体 - 皮质DMN连接性降低有关。在研究2中，为了确定纹状体 - 皮质DMN连接性降低是精神病风险所特有的，还是更普遍地与近期痛苦有关，我们考察了被诊断为非精神病性情绪困扰障碍的个体（N = 25）中连接性与痛苦之间的关系。与研究1不同，在这里我们发现痛苦与纹状体 - 皮质DMN连接性增加的证据有关。总体而言，目前的结果表明，纹状体 - 皮质DMN连接性降低与精神病风险相关，并且可能导致异常突显。
